244 
SYSTEMATIC SYNOPSIS. — PASSEEES— OSCINES. 
streaked below on white ground, with reddish sides. (European.) iliacus 4 
Banded crosswise, not spotted, below ; upper parts slate-colored. (Western.) ncevius 5 
Spotted below on white or tawny ground, or on both. 
Upper parts not of uijiform color. 
Upper parts tawny, shading to olive on rump, (Wood Thrush, eastern.) mustelinus 6 
Upper parts olive, shading to rutous on rump. 
Of medium size. (Hermit Thrush, eastern.) nanus 10 
Of largest size. (Hermit Thrush, Rocky Mts.) auduhoni 9 
Of smallest size. (Hermit Thrush, Pacific coast.) unalascce 8 
Upper parts of uniform color throughout. 
Upper parts tawny : spots below few, pale, chiefly confined to buff" jugulum; no buff" 
eye-ring. (Tawny Thrush, eastern.) fuscescens 7 
Upper parts russet olive ; under parts as before ; no buff" eye-ring. (Tawny Thrush, 
western.) salicicola 7 
Upper parts russet olive ; spots below numerous, invading white breast ; a buff" eye- 
riiig. (Western Olive-backed Thrush.) . ustulatus 11 
Upper parts dark pure olive ; spots below as before; a buff" eye-ring. (Eastern Olive- 
backed Thrush.) swainsoni 13 
Upper parts dark pure olive; spots below as before; no buff" eye-ring. (Eastern.) . . . alicice 12 
1. T. migrato'rius. (L;it. viigmtorius, migratory; migrator, a wanderer. Figs. 36, 58, 116.) 
KOBIN. in summer : Upper parts slate-color, with a shade of olive. Head black, the eye- 
lids and a spot before the eye white, and the throat streaked with white. Quills of the wings 
dusky, edged with hoary ash, and with the color of the back. Tail blackish, the outer 
feather usually tipped with white. Under parts, to the vent, including the under wing-coverts, 
chestnut. Under tail-coverts and tibiae white, 
showing more or less plumbeous. Bill yellow, 
often with a dusky tip. Month yellow. Eyes 
dark brown. Feet blackish, the soles yellow- 
ish. Length about 10.00 ; extent 16.00 ; wing 
5.00-5.50; tail 4.00-4.50; bill 0.80; tarsus, or 
middle toe and claw, 1.25. 9? iii summer: 
Similar, but the coloi's duller ; upper parts 
rather olivaceous-gray ; chestnut of the under 
parts paler, the feathers skirted with gray or 
Fig. 116. — Kobin, nat. size. (Ad. nat. del. E. C.) white ; head and tail less blackish ; throat with 
more white. Bill much clouded with dusky. $ 9 , winter, and young : Similar to the adult 
9 , but receding somewhat farther from the ^ in summer by the duller colors, the paleness 
and restriction of the chestnut, with its 'extensive skirting with white, lack of distinction of the 
color of the head from that of the back, tendency of the white spot before the eye to run into 
a superciliary streak, and dark color of most of the bill. Very young birds have the back 
speckled, each feather being whitish centrally, with a dusky tip ; and the cinnamon of the 
under parts is spotted with blackish. The greater coverts are tipped with white or rufous, 
frequently persistent, as are also some similar markings on the lesser coverts. N. Am. at 
large ; an abundant and famihar bird, migratory, but breeding anywhere in its range. Nest 
in trees, usually saddled on a horizontal bough, composed largely of mud ; e ^gs 4-6, about 
1.18 X 0.80, uniform greenish-blue, normally unspotted. 
2. T. m. propin'quus ? (Lat. xoropinquus, neighboring; as related to the last.) Allied 
Robin. Quite like T. migratorius; averaging slightly larger; wing up to 5.60; tail up 
to 4.70, not so blackish as that of T. migratorius, the outer feather without white, or 
merely a narrow edging. A scarcely distinguished race, of the Rocky Mt. region and 
westward. 
3. T. confi'nis. (Lat. confinis, allied or related ; as to T. migratorius.) St. Lucas Robin. 
Upper parts, including sides of head and neck, uniform grayish-ash, with slight olive shade, 
scarcely darker on the head ; chin and throat white, streaked with ashy-brown ; breast, sides, 
