PABID^ — PARINJE : TITMICE. 
265 
43. L. atrocrista'tus. (Lat. a^ro, with black, msto^i/s, crested; cm^a, a crest.) Black-crested 
Titmouse. $ 9 > adult : Plumbeous, with a shade of olive, the wings and tail rather darker 
and purer, edged with the color of the back, or a more hoary shade of the same. Beneath, dull 
ashy-whitish, especially on the breast, the abdomen whiter, the sides chestnut-brown as in L. 
bicolor. Extreme forehead and lores whitish ; entire crest glossy black. Bill blackish -plum- 
beous; feet plumbeous. Small : length about 5.00; wing and tail 2.75. Valley of the Rio 
Grande. Nest in natural cavities of trees, usually including cast snake-skins among its materi- 
als ; eggs 0.75 X 0.58, white, spotted with reddish-brown in fine dots over the general surface, 
boldly blotched at large end, but not distinguishable from those of L. hicolor. 
43. L. woUweb'eri. (To one Wollweber. Fig. 137.) Bridled Titmouse. $ 9, adult: 
Upper parts olivaceous-ash, wings and tail darker, edged with the color of the back, or even a 
brighter tint, sometimes nearly as yellowish as in Megulus. Under 
parts sordid ashy-white. Crest black, with a central field like the 
back. Whole throat black, as in species of Parus. A black line 
runs behind the eye and curves down over the auriculars, distin- 
guished from the black of the crest and throat by the white of 
the side of the head and white superciliary stripe; a half-collar 
of black on the nape, descending on the sides of the neck, there 
separated from the black crescent of the auriculars by a white cres- 
cent, which latter is continuous with the white of the superciliary 
line ; considerable whitish speckling in the black of the forehead 
and lores. Bill blackish-plumbeous ; feet plumbeous. Smallest : mouse, nat. size. (Mex. B. 
length 5.00 or less ; wing or tail 2.40-2.65 ; bill 0.33 ; tarsus 0.60- Survey.) 
0.70. Young : Chin narrowly or imperfectly black, and some of the above described head- 
markings obscure or incomplete. The singularly variegated markings of the head of this 
species at once distinguish it. Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California, abundant, going 
in troops, in woods and shrubbery. 
14. PA'RUS. (Lilt, parus, SL titmouse.) Typical Titmice. Chickadees. Head not crested. 
Wings and tail rounded, of approximately equal lengths, and about as long as the body. Bill 
typically parine (see foregoing characters). No bright colors (in any North American species). 
Head in most species with black. Plumage lax and dull, without decided changes with age, 
sex, or season. Size medium in the family. Nest excavated. Eggs spotted. 
Analysis of Species. 
Species definitely black-capped and black-throated. 
A white superciliary stripe montamis 48 
No white superciliary stripe. 
Tail not shorter than wing ; feathers of both with much hoary- whitish edging. 
Larger ; tail at maximum length, coloration most hoary. Missouri Region and Rocky 
Mts septentrionalis 45 
Smaller ; tail moderate ; coloration less hoary. Eastern atricapillus 44 
Size of No. 44 ; coloration darker. Pacific Region occidentalis 46 
Tail shorter than wings ; whitish edgings of wings and tail obsolete. 
Rather smaller than No. 44. South Atlantic States carolinensis 47 
Rather smaller than No. 44 ; coloration very dark. Mexican border . . . mericlionalis 879 
Species brown-capped, or crown quite like back, and blackish throat. 
Cap hair-brown ; back little different. 
White confined to side of head. Eastern and Arctic hnclsonicus 49 
"White spreading over sides of neck. Arctic cinctus 52 
Cap dark wood-brown ; back chestnut. 
Back and sides rich chestnut alike. Pacific, northerly rufescens 50 
Back chestnut, but sides only washed with rusty. Pacific, southerly neglectus 51 
44. P. atricapillus. (Lat. ater, black ; capillus, hair. Fig. 138.) Black-capped Titmouse. 
Chickadee. Crown and nape, with chin and throat, black, separated by white sides of the 
head. Upper parts brownaish-ash, with slight olive tinge, and a rusty wash on rump. Under 
