FRINGILLIDJE : FINCHES, BUNTINGS, SPAIUWWS, ETC. 351 
bill and no ash on head, averages a little smaller, and is much duller colored ; brown parts of 
a grayish cast ; rosy reduced or almost extinguished, chiefly traceable on rump and wing- 
coverts ; abdomen scarcely tinted, and quills and tail-feathers with whitish instead of rosy edg- 
ings. Wing 4.00-4.20, averaging little over 4.00 ; tail 2.90-3.25, average 3.00. Colorado 
and New Mexico, breeding up to 12,000 feet ; a curious southerly local race of the genus. 
L. tephroco'tis. (Gr. Tf(f)p6s, tephros, gray ; oius, o)t6s, ous, otos, the ear. Fig. 214.) Swain- 
SOn's Kosy Fixch. Sexes similar. Adult , in breeding plumage or nearly so : Bill and feet 
black. Nasal plumules white. Frontlet black ; rest of pileum hoary-ash, not descending 
below level of eyes and upper border of 
auriculars (for when the ash invades the -'^^^^^^^t^-W^ f , t 
sides of head to any extent, the bird 
takes the first step toward litoralis, in 
which the head is extensively hooded in 
ash). General color, sides of head in- 
cluded, chocolate or liver-brown of vary- 
ing intensity, many feathers skirted with 
gray or whitish, especially the inter- 
scapulars, which also have dusky centres, 
and inclining to blackish on chin and 
throat. Hinder parts of the body above ^ -- ^ 
and below, including tail-coverts, rich Fig. 214. -Rosy Finch, reduced. (Sheppard del. Nichols sc.) 
rosy or carmine red, this color due to broad edgings of the dusky feathers of these parts. 
Wings and tail blackish, the wing-coverts and primaries edged with rosy, showing nearly 
continuous in the closed wing; edgings of inner secondaries rosy-white or white. Length 
(average) 6.75; wing 4.00-4.45, average 4.25 ; tail 2.50-3.00, average 2.75; culmen 0.40- 
0.50, average 0.45 ; tarsus 0.75-0.85, average 0.80. 9, adult: Very similar; pattern identi- 
cal ; tone subdued ; size a little less ; length 6.60 ; wing^ 4.10 ; tail 2.65. ^ 9 winter : 
Bill yellow ; pattern unchanged ; coloration less vivid, the brown rather umber than chocolate, 
the red rather rosy than carmine. Eocky Mt. region, from the Saskatchewan or beyond, through 
most of the U. S. in winter ; breeding limits unknown, supposed to be Northern Eocky Mts. 
of U. S. and beyond. This is the central figure in the genus. It runs directly into 
L. t. litoralis. (Lat. litoralis, littoral.) Baird's Eosy Finch. Like the last; the ash 
spreading over the head, more or less, sometimes almost enveloping it like a hood, and even 
occupying the chin in extreme cases. Size of the last. Northwest coast; in summer unknown, 
in winter spreading from Kadiak S. and E. to California, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado ; very 
abundant, in flocks mixed with tephrocotis proper. 
L. griseinu'cha. (Low Lat. griseus, gray, and nucha, nape. Fig. 215.) Brandt's Eosy 
Finch. Like the littoral variety of tephrocotis, in having the ashy extending over the sides of 
the head ; this color settled in a definite hood, said to never invade 
the chin. The resident form of the N. W. coast and islands, from 
Kadiak W. and N. Much larger than Nos. 203-4 ; length 7-00 
or more; wing 4.50 (4.25-4.85); tail 3.50 (3.15-3.90); culmen 
0.57; tarsus 0.95. Sexes scarcely distinguishable. Bill black or 
yellow according to season. Young "uniform brownish-gray, 
washed with umber ; wings and tail dusky-slate, the feathers 
bordered with paler ; the edges of the lesser wing-coverts and 
remiges very pale pinkish ; of the greater wing-coverts and tertials 
pale dull ochraceous ; no black or gray about head ; bill horn-color." Nest well made of 
grasses and mosses, lined with feathers, on the ground or among rocks ; eggs 3-6, generally 4, 
pure white, 0.97 X 0.67. 
Fig. 215. — Brandt's Rosy 
Finch. (After Baird.) 
