COLUMBID^ — ZEN AIDING : GROUND DOVES. 
567 
Outer primary normal. 
Tail longer than wing, double-rounded Scardafella 199 
Tail about equal to wing. Tarsus not shorter than middle toe and claw Geotrygon 200 
Tail shorter than wing. Tarsus shorter than middle toe and claw. 
No blue-black spot nor metallic lustre on head or neck Chamcepelia 198 
A blue-black spot and metallic lustre on head or neck 
Black spots and no white patch on wing Zenaida 196 
White patch and no black spots on wing Melopelia 197 
1 94. ENGY'PTILA. (Gr. fyyos^ eggus, narrow, straitened ; tttiXov, ptilon, feather ; alluding to the 
outer primary.) Pin-wing Doves. First primary abruptly emarginate, attenuate and linear 
near the end. Wings of moderate length ; 3d and 4tli primaries longest ; first shorter than 
7th. Tail much shorter than the wings, rounded, of 12 broad feathers. Tarsus entirely naked, 
equalling or rather exceeding the middle toe and claw. Lateral toes nearly equal, the ends of 
their claws reaching about opposite the base of the middle claw. Hind toe shortest of all, but 
perfectly incumbent. Bill small and slender, much shorter than the head. A considerable 
naked space about the eye, thence extending in a narrow line to the bill. Size medium or 
rather small. Body full and stout. Coloration subdued, but hind-head and neck iridescent. 
No metallic spots on wings or head. Lining of wings chestnut. (Only N. Am. genus with 
attenuate outer primary.) 
E. al'bif rons. (Lat. aZfews, white ; /rons, forehead. Fig. 391.) White-fronted Dove. ^, 
adult: Upper parts brownish-olive, with silky lustre (much as in Coccygus americanus for 
example). Hind-head, nape, and back and sides of neck with coppery-purplish iridescence. 
Top of the head of a bluish or glaucous " bloom,'' fading to creamy- white on the forehead. Under 
parts dull white or whitish, more or less shaded with olive-brown on the sides, deepening on the 
fore-breast and jugulum to pale vinaceous ; belly, crissum, and chin quite purely white. Wing- 
coverts and inner quills like the back, and without metallic spots ; other larger remiges 
slaty-blackish, with very narrow pale edging toward the end. Under wing-coverts and axilla- 
ries bright chestnut. Two middle tail-feathers like the back ; others slaty-black, tipped with 
white in decreasing amount from the outer ones inward, the largest white tips about half an 
inch in extent. Bill black. Feet carmine-red. Iris yellow. Bare skin around eye red and 
