TETRAONID^—ODONTOPHOBIN^: PAliTRIDGES OR QUAIL. 593 
as in the $ ; the breast is olive-gray. The changes of plumage are parallel with those of L. 
gambeli. Lower portions of California and Oregon ; E. nearly to the Colorado liiver ; abun- 
dant. A fine species, entirely distinct from the next, but habits and manners in all respects 
tlie same ; replaces L. gambeli westward. Eggs speckled, as in the next. 
5T6. L. gam'beli. (To Wm. Gambel. Fig. 410.) Gambel's Partridge. Arizona Quail. 
^ : Without white loral line ; forehead black with whitish lines ; occiput chestnut ; nuchal and 
cervical feathers wilh dark shaft lines, but few dark edgings or none, and no white speckling. 
General color of upper parts clear ash, the edging of the inner quills white. Fore-breast like 
the back ; other under parts whitish, the middle of the belly with a large jet-black patch ; sides 
rich purplish-chestnut, with sharp white stripes ; vent, flanks and crissum white with dusky 
streaks. Bill black ; iris brown. Besides lacking the definite head-markings, the 9 wants the 
black abdominal area, where the feathers are whitish with dark lengthwise touches ; crest dark 
brown, not recurved, and fewer-feathered than that of the cock. Top of head grayish-brown, 
nearly uniform from bill to nape ; throat grayish-white with slight dark pencilling. Chicks, 
in the down : Bill above reddish, nearly white below ; feet dull fiesh-color. Head dingy 
yellowish, with a large brown spot on the occiput, a few black, white -streaked feathers on 
crown, and the crest sprouting in a week or two. Upper parts grayish-brown mottled with 
black spots, and conspicuously striped with white lines. Outer webs of the sprouting quills 
marked with blackish and whitish. Throat white; other under parts narrowly barred with 
black and tawny- white, striped lengthwise with pure white. Sprouting tail-feathers like the 
primaries. Pullets, quarter-grown, 6-7 inches long : Leaden-gray, becoming tawny on the 
wings, which are still a little mottled as above described ; below, light gray, nearly white on 
throat and belly. Breast waved with light and dark gray, with traces of the white stripes. 
Sides under the wings slightly fulvous or rufescent, but without definite stripes. Quills plain 
dusky; tail-feathers more plumbeous, marked with blackish and whitish. A broad white 
superciliary line. With the progress of the fall moult this dress changes for one like that of 
the adults, and the sexes are soon distinguishable. Eggs L25X1.00, pyramidal, narrow and 
pointed at one end, very obtuse the other ; color buft' or rich creamy, dotted and spotted all 
over with bright brown, splashed here and there with large blotches of the same ; number in 
definite — 8-12 or more. Nest like that of any other partridge. New Mexico and Arizona, 
both in mountains and valleys, very abundant ; E. to Pecos and San Elizario, Texas, beyond 
which replaced by the Massena partridge ; W. to Colorado R. and slightly beyond ; N. to 
Utah ; S. into Mexico. The characteristic game bird of Arizona. 
213. CALLIPEP'LA. (Gr. /caXXtTreTrXo?, A;aZZipepZos, beautifully arrayed.) Shell Quail. General 
character of Lophortgx, but head with a short, full, soft crest as in the Massena quail (fig. 413). 
Coloration of under parts producing a shelly or scaly appearance. Sexes nearly alike. Eggs 
not heavily colored. One U. S. species. 
577. C. squama'ta. (Lat. squamata, squamous, scale-like.) Scaled Partridge. Blue 
Quail. adult : General color bluish-plumbeous, shading into olive-brown on the back 
and wings and to rufous on the under parts behind the wings, with a large abdominal area of 
orange-brown ; the feathers of the neck all around, and most of those of the under parts, 
sharply edged with black, producing a peculiar shell-like appearance; on the breast the 
feathers also with concealed reddish shaft -lines. Long feathers of the sides like the back in 
color, with white brown -edged stripes or long-oval spots. On the flanks and crissum the 
feathers lose the scaly appearance, becoming blended rusty-brown, with linear, sagittate, or 
cordate dark spots. Inner secondaries edged with buff" or whitish, aflfording to the folded wing 
the lengthwise stripe so characteristic of N. A. partridges. Quills plain fuscous ; tail-feathers 
plumbeous. No definite stripes about the head ; crest dark brown ending in pure white. 
Length 10.00-11.00 ; extent 14.50-15.50; wing 4.50; tail 3.50 ; tarsus 1.25 ; middle toe and 
claw 1.04. 9 little different; head markings the same; the orange-brown of the belly 
38 
