r 
I 
Lining of wings white 
Lining of wings dark 
Tarsus said to be longer than middle toe 
ALCID^ — ALCIN^: MUBEELETS. 
hypoleucus 868 
. . craverii 869 
brachypterus 870 
813 
866. B, marmora'tus. (Lat. marmoratus, marbled.) Marbled Murrelet. Wrangel's 
MuRRELET. Adult in summer : Bill black ; tarsi behind and both surfaces of webs blackish j 
tarsi in front and top of toes livid flesh-color, or dull bluish-gray; iris brown. Above, 
brownish-black, barred crosswise with chestnut-brown, or bright rust-color, except on the 
wings, which are uniform brownish -black, the primaries darker, their inner webs gray toward 
the base. Lining of wings smoky brownish -black. A few whitish feathers, varied with 
chestnut and dusky, on the scapulars. Entire under parts, including sides of head and neck, 
marbled with sooty brownish -black and white, the feathers being white with dark ends. 
Adult in winter: No chestnut, and entire under parts pure white, immaculate, excepting 
some dusky streaks on the long feathers of the sides and flanks. Upper parts very dark 
cinereous, the centres of the feathers, especially of the back and rump, blackish ; the crown, 
wings, and tail almost black, the greater coverts narrowly edged with white; the scapulars 
almost entirely white, forming two conspicuous patches. On the lores, the white invades 
to the level of the eyes, and extends into the nasal fossae ; it then dips, leaving the eyes in 
dark color ; on the nape it reaches nearly across the middle line on the sides of the rump 
it leaves a band of dark color about an inch wide. Specimens are found in every 
stage intermediate between the two here described. Young, first plumage, with bill only a 
third as long as head : Resembling the winter adult, in absence of chestnut. Upper parts 
blackish, with only a shade of cinereous, therefore darker than in the winter adult ; white on 
scapulars present, but restricted, and interrupted with dusky. Entire under parts white, as 
before, but thickly marked with fine wavy dusky lines, most numerous across throat, largest 
on sides and flanks, finest on lower breast, the chin, middle of belly and crissum unmarked. 
Lining of wings as before. Length 10.00 j extent 18.00; wing 5.00; tail 1.50 ; tarsus 0.70; 
middle toe alone, 1.00, its claw 0.20; outer toe and claw 1.15; inner do. 0.90; bill along 
culmen 0.60-0.70, gape 1.25-1.35, gonys 0.45-0.55, height at base 0.24, width 0.20. Coasts 
and islands of the N. Pacific; on the American side, S. in winter to S. Cala. ; breeds as far 
south at least as Vancouver, and apparently does not penetrate far north. 
867. B. kittlit'zi. (To F. H. v. Kittlitz.) Kittlitz's Murrelet. Related to the last, and 
belonging to the same section of the genus, having the tarsi shorter than middle toe without 
claw. Bill about one-third as long as the head. Length about 9.00. Above, cinereous of 
lighter and darker shades, spotted and barred with dull yellowish. Below, whitish, undulated 
with dusky. Wings blackish. This is the substance of Brandt's description of this species, 
which is quite distinct from the foregoing. The bird was originally described from 
Kamtschatka ; two specimens have lately been taken fi-om the Aleutian Islands by Mr. E. W. 
Nelson and Mr. L. M. Turner. They are preserved in the National Museum, where I have 
handled one of them, but are not at present accessible to me for description. 
868. B. hypoleu'cus. (Gr. vno, hupo, helow, XevKos, leukos, white.) White -bellied Murrelet. 
Adult in winter : Bill i the head, f the tarsus, as long as middle toe and half its claw, very 
slender. Tarsus equal to middle toe without claw. Entire upper parts unvaried cinereous, 
slightly darker on head; this color extending on head to include eyelids, and a little farther down 
on the nape ; thence in a straight line along middle of side of neck to shoulders, thence along 
sides of body in a strip nearly an inch broad, the elongated flank-feathers being also of this color : 
other under parts pure white, including lining of the wings. Primaries black, the greater part 
of their shafts and inner webs whitish. Bill black, the base of lower mandible pale ; feet whit- 
ish-blue, black below. Length 10.00-10.50; extent 16.00-17-50; wing 4.75 ; tail 1.75; tarsus 
0.95 ; middle toe without claw 0.95, its claw 0.20; outer toe and claw 1.10; inner do. 0.90; 
biU 0.80 ; gape 1.30 ; gonys 0.45 ; depth of bill at base 0.22 ; width 0.19. S. and L. Cala. 
