50 j A;^SEMBL¥ 
The second is about 127 feet below the same point. In both these 
drifts, the ore has been reached. 
77. Three varieties of galena, or sulphuret of lead, have been found 
at this locality, viz: the common, in the form of laminated masses, and 
breaking into cubical or rectangular fragments; the granular, composed 
of granular concretions, resembling grains of steel; and the compact, 
having a close and compact texture, made up of very fine grains, with 
a somewhat conchoidal fracture, and little metallic lustre. 
The galena, in all its varieties, is associated with the sulphurets of 
copper, zinc, and iron; the whole being disseminated in a matrix of 
quartz, which occasionally presents beautiful crystalline forms. At the 
lower level, above mentioned, the galena and blende are in nodules of 
various sizes in the quartz — the galena sometimes appearing as a cen- 
tral nucleus surrounded by the blende. 
78. The pyritous copper, when recently broken, is of a golden yel- 
low colour, but its surface usually presents the bluish-black tarnish which 
often characterizes this ore. Sometimes it occurs in the form of small, 
though perfect tetrahedral chyrstals which have a high lustre. Imperfect 
dodecahedrons are also occasionally found, and sometimes these are co- 
vered with a greenish coating, which is probably a carbonate of copper. 
79. The sulphuret of zinc is brown and massive, being every where 
intimately intermixed with the lead ore. Indeed, they sometimes pass 
into each other, by almost imperceptible gradations. This fact is of 
considerable importance in estimating the value of this ore, for the mix- 
ture of the blende operates very injuriously in the process of smelting. 
From this description, it appears that the associates of the galena at 
this locality, are similar to those of the same ore found at Ancram, in 
Columbia county. Indeed, some specimens from the two localities can 
scarcely be distinguished from each other. The rocks, however, in which 
these minerals are imbedded, are widely different. 
80. At the Sullivan mine, the deposit of galena, be it bed or vein, 
is three or four feet in thickness, but to make up this, there is a large 
proportion of quartz, together with the other minerals already enume- 
rated. Several tons of lead ore have been raised from the shaft and le- 
vels; an extensive smelting house has been erected on the banks of the 
Hudson and Delaware canal, and mining operations have been conducted 
during the greater part of the season, on a scale which could have been 
