No* 275.J 
53 
pounds of lead J which j estimated at five cents a pound, amounts to 
$167,373.15.* 
Titanium, 
84. The metal titanium was discovered in 1791, but its properties 
were not satisfactorily determined until the year 1822, when Br. Wol- 
laston found it in a slag at the bottom of a large smelting furnace in 
Wales. It has since been found at several other iron works in Great 
Britain. Dr. Emmons obtained this metal from the hearth stone of an 
iron furnace in St. Lawrence county, and I have detected it also in the 
slag of the Greenwood's furnace in Orange county. It usually occurs 
in the form of cubic crystals, which in colour and lustre resemble bur- 
nished copper. In my specimen there is also associated with the metal 
a coating of a beautiful purple colour, which may be the oxide of 
titanium, supposed to exist only in the rare mineral called anatase, 
85. There is another oxide of titanium, now more correctly termed 
titanic acid, which exists in variable proportions in several of the ores 
of iron, and from the decomposition of which, during the smelting of 
these ores, the metallic titanium is obtained. This substance closely 
resembles silica in many of its characters, and when in considerable 
proportion, it is supposed to have an injurious effect upon the quality 
of the ore with which it is associated. In its pure or nearly pure form, 
it is used for the purpose of giving a yellowish tint to artificial teeth, 
and in consequence of its comparative scarcity, and the difficulty of its 
separation from other substances, is sold at a high price. 
Of the titaniate of iron in the crystalline form, and now known by 
the name of Crichtonite, we have an interesting locality in Warwick, 
in Orange county, where it is imbedded in a dark coloured serpentine; 
and variable proportions of titanic acid are also contained in several of 
the iron ores of St. Lawrence, Jefferson and Orange counties. 
Arsenic. 
86. Arsenical pyrites from which the compounds of arsenic used in 
the arts are obtained, has been found in this State, in the counties of 
Essex and Orange. In the former it is probably in considerable 
quantity. 
87. There is a locality of arsenical minerals on the lands of Mr. B. 
Hopkins, near the village of Edenville, in Orange county, which is 
* Report of the St. Lawrence rail-road conuniitee, December, 1838. 
