THIRD ANNUAL REPORT 
Of W. W. Mather, Geologist of the First Geologi. 
cal District of the State of New* York. 
To His Excellency William H. Seward, 
Governor of the State of JYew- York* 
Sir:— 
As an introduction it may not be improper to state what progress has 
been made thus far in the Geological Survey of the First District of 
New- York. 
During the first season, viz. in 1836, I completed the reconnoisance 
of the first district, and made the detailed surveys of Suffolk county, the 
economical results of which may be found in the first annual report. 
Assembly document No. 9, pp. 61, 96, 1836. 
The second season was devoted to the detailed surveys of Queens, 
Kings, Richmond, Dutchess and Columbia counties. The economical 
results maybe found in the second annual report, pp. 121, 184, Assem- 
bly document No. 200, 1838. 
The third season, or 1838, has been devoted to investigating the geo- 
logy of New- York, Westchester, Putnam, Rockland and Orange coun- 
ties, the economical results of which will be found in the present re- 
port. 
The details of geology that are not of direct practical utility, have 
been retained, with a view to their publication in the final report of the 
survey, smce the sole object in making the annual reports, is to enable 
the people to profit by the discoveries made, while the survey is still in 
progress. 
In addition to the geological investigations, a large collection of spe- 
cimens has been made to illustrate the geology and mineralogy of those 
counties that have been examined. Specimens, corresponding nearly 
