20 
[Assembly 
cement. This subject will be noticed more in detail in a subsequent 
part of the report. 
25. Eeds of marble equal to those of Stockbridge and Egremont ex- 
ist in various parts of Dutchess county, as in the towns of Northeast, 
Amenia, Dover, Pawlings, Beekman and Fishkill.* The Dover quar- 
ries are extensively wrought, and the marble which they afford, though 
dolomitic, is pure white, fine grained, and takes a higher polish than 
that found at Sing-Sing. Clouded marbles also occur in some parts of 
this county. All these, now comparatively neglected mines of wealth, 
would at once be opened up if some easy and direct mode of commu- 
nication could be established between these quarries and the Hudson 
river. 
26. Beds of marble similar to those above described, occur in the 
county of Putnam and in the interior of Columbia; while in the latter 
county, as well as in that of Ulster, dark coloured marbles are found, 
some of which take a fine polish, and are beautifully variegated with 
fossil remains. The town of Coeymans, in Albany county, contains a 
grey marble, which although it does not receive a good polish, is a va- 
luable stone. In Schoharie county, black marble is found in the towns 
of Broome and Esperance ; and the Cherry- Valley marble has long been 
celebrated. 
27. In passing to the western part of the State, we have, in Oneida 
county, the Trenton limestones, which will furnish beautiful black mar- 
bles, and the grey marble near the Holland patent and on a branch of 
Steuben creek ;t and in the counties of Madison and Onondaga the grey 
crinoidal limestone, which affords a marble scarcely excelled by any in 
the country for beauty, durability, and the fine polish which it receives. 
The quarries in Onondaga county are moreover very extensive, and yield 
blocks of great size. The marble is not only used for ornamental pur- 
poses, but in its dressed state is employed in the construction of locks, 
aqueducts, and other similar structures. The public works now build- 
ing in the vicinity of Syracuse present a striking proof of the great su- 
periority of this material over that formerly used for similar purposes, 
while at the same time they offer a no less striking illustration of the 
great advances which have been made in the arts of construction. 
28. I have analyzed two specimens of the grey crinoidal limestone, 
the one from the quarry, near the Chittenango Falls, in Madison county, 
* See Prof. Mather's Report for 1838. 
t Mr. VanuxenCs Report for 1838. 
