No. 275. 
95 
lime, and which is said to be equal to the Thomaston and Rhode-Island 
lime. As to the quantity of stone here accessible and adapted for lime, 
we may estimate the mean height above high water mark at 21 feet 
over an area of 50 to 80 acres, lining the shore of the bay nearly a 
mile in length. Each cubic yard of rock will make at least 4 barrels of 
lime, including the necessary waste. This would give about 135,000 
barrels to the acre, or for 60 acres, 8,131,200 barrels of lime. Two 
kilns were burning as perpetual kilns at the time of my visit. They 
produce 25 barrels of lime per diem, with a consumption of one ton of 
anthracite coal.* 
The expense of quarrying the stone is about 36 cents per cubic yard, 
or 9 cents per barrel. 
The expense of coal is about 25 cents per barrel. 
The lime was stated to be selling at New- York, at the time of my 
visit, for $1.50 per bbl. giving a profit after deducting every expense, 
including teams, attendance, freight, casks and cooperage, of 53 cents 
per barrel. 
If we allow a nett profit of only 25 cents per bbl. an acre of this 
limestone of 21 feet thick, is capable of yielding a clear profit of 
$33,880. 
Limestone was observed in two places between Verplanck and Henry 
I. Cruger's, by the upper road . One was near the church. 
A bed of limestone of much economical importance occurs on H. I. 
Cruger's farm, about three miles southeast of Verplanck. It forms the 
shore half a mile east or southeast of Mr. C.'s mansion, and it extends 
eastward from the shore into the interior. Some of it is adapted for a 
marble, which may be obtained in blocks of considerable size on the 
shore. It is already quarried for lime, the stone for which is shipped to 
New-Jersey, where it is burnt for the New-York market and for ma- 
nure, with dust anthracite coal at a small expense, and with a handsome 
profit. The stone is sold to the vessels at 37 ^ to 50 cents per ton on 
the shore where it is quarried. 
This bed of limestone forms the shore of Haverstraw Bay for more 
than a mile, extending from the mouth of the brook near H. I. Cruger's 
saw-mill to the mouth of another small brook on Nicholas Cruger's 
farm. 
* This stone must be difficult to burn, or else the coal is not used to advantage, either from 
a defective form of the kiln, or bad management of the workmen. 
