112 
[Assembly 
Farther down the hill are the two main openings, which go by the name 
of Philips' mine. The ore in some parts of the upper mine is more or 
less intermixed with copper pyrites, which injures the quality of the iron. 
The mine has been wrought badly, timbers being used to prop the over- 
hanging rock, and great masses have crushed in and filled most of the 
mine. 
The lower mine, where the whim is placed, has a solid rock roof, a 
part of the ore bed having been left in the top of the hill, while the 
mine has been worked below. The ore bed is here 15 to 20 feet wide, 
and has been wTOught 30 to 40 feet in depth, over a length of — yards. 
The ore here is nearly a pure magnetic oxide of iron, and 20,000 to 
30,000 tons of ore have probably been taken from these two mines.* 
Other openings have been made along the line of the vein for about 
half a mile farther to the SSW, and some 3,000 to 5,000 tons of ore 
probably removed. The rock in which this part of the vein thus far 
described, is contained, is mostly feldspar, with some bluish quartz. — 
Hornblende is also common. The feldspar is sometimes pearly in lus- 
tre and gray in colour, with wrinkled and bent faces, as if it had been 
soft and subjected to forces acting in different directions. 
The next mine that is worked to any extent on this vein is the Stew- 
art mine. It is about twelve feet thick of pure ore, and four feet more 
of lean ore. The former is much used in forges, the latter in the blast 
furnace. The ore at this mine is purer than that of any other mine I 
have seen, and is easily worked in the forge. It is granular, and easily 
broken and crumbled into gmins about the size of BE shot, and is call- 
ed by the miners " shot ore." The vein lies between strata of feldspar- 
thic gneiss, which dip to the WNW about 70°. This mine is on the 
east side of the mountain crest, and about 100 to 200 feet above a 
marsh, with a steep declivity, and might easily be wrought to that depth 
w^ithout drainage, by driving an adit level to intersect the vein. 
About half a mile SSW is another opening by the road side, where 
some ore has been dug, but it is lean, and much intermixed with the 
gneiss rock. 
About three-fourths of a mile SSW of this is the Denney mine. It 
is about two and a half miles ENE of Warren's tavern in Philipstown, 
in a straight line, on one of the crests of the eastern ridge of the High- 
* Green hornblende, actynolite, green hyalite, green and blue carbonate of capper, pyritous 
copper, crystallized magnetic oxide of iron in the form of the acute rhomboid, common pyrites , 
and acicular gypsum (efflorescent,) were seen in small quantitiea at these mines. 
