No. 275.] 
149 
particularly in the north and northwest part of it. It is abundant about 
two miles north of Greenwood furnace, near the point where the 
Ramapo river enters the Highlands. It is here spread out to a breadth 
of near two miles, and a part of it extends southwesterly to the neigh- 
borhood of Long pond. 
It is much used as a flux in the iron furnaces, and but very little for 
lime. 
A small bed of similar limestone is found in the town oi' Cornwall, 
half a mile southwest of Ketcham's mill. It is stratified and dips to the 
southeast. Limestone is also found in great abundance in Goshen. It 
begins two and a half miles southwest of the village, and extends from 
the Walkill southeast to Thompson's pond, a breadth of six or seven 
miles, and in length to the south and west, it extends into New- Jersey, 
across the town of Warwick, west of the stratum already mentioned. 
The western edge of this limestone underlays the drowned lands and 
most of the islands in them, and passes along the northwestern margin 
of the white primitive limestone of Warwick. Another }.art of the 
same rock passes along the whole southeastern margin of the same pri- 
mitive limestone, and crosses the line of New- Jersey with it; in other 
words, when this limestone meets the primitive rock, it divides into two 
branches; one proceeding along the northwestern, and the other along 
the southeastern margin of the primitive until they all enter New- Jersey. 
I have not seen them in contact, but they are every where in close proxi- 
mity; no other rock intervening. At the line of New- Jersey, this rock, 
with the included primitive, occupies a breadth of nearly eight miles. 
The northern terminations of the ridges of this limestone interlock with 
the southern terminations of the argillite ridges. This singular inter- 
locking of the two rocks can be finely seen three and a half miles from 
Goshen, and a half a mile southeast from Mapes^ tavern; also, a little 
farther southeast, at the limekiln of Mr. H. W. Thompson. I have 
been able to detect no fossils in this limestone, except near the lime- 
kiln first mentioned, and these are in the upper layers, associated with 
the conglomerate limestone on the land of Mr. Thompson. The peb- 
bles, of which the conglomerate is composed, are all smooth and appa- 
rently water-worn; all sizes, from that of a pea to several pounds weight; 
all shades; of light-gray to dark-brown, and nearly black, firmly ce- 
mented, and all burn into excellent lime. The dip is here to the south- 
east from 3° to 10°. 
A mile west of this is a lofty hill called Mount Lookout. It is com- 
posed entirely of limestone; its southern, western and northwestern 
