No. 275 .J 153 
The same rock is found in the town of Blooming-Grove, but in a 
different situation and position. It is first found in this town on the 
southeast side of the Round hilL 
Round hill; like the Highland rangesj is primitive, and here the grit 
rock inclines against and rests upon it. The grit rock is regularly stra- 
tified, line of bearing same as in Shawangunk mountain, but it dips to 
southeast. It passes through all kinds of composition, from compact 
to soft and slaty on one hand to a coarse conglomerate on the other; 
and all shades of colour, from milk white to brick red. From the 
point mentioned, it extends northeast nearly four miles, until inter- 
cepted in its line of bearing by a part of Woodcock mountain, which 
is primitive. 
A similar rock is again found in the southeastern face of Skunemunk 
mountain, and at its base. But here it is interstratified with the gray- 
wacke and gray wacke slate, and while all the colours already mentioned 
exist here also, there are some layers which are different. The pebbles 
of which these layers are composed are much larger, and about half of 
them are very white, and the remainder very red. All the pebbles 
are smooth, as if water worn. 
These layers extend as far south as Skunemunk mountain, and about 
two miles farther north than the mountain itself does. The Hematite 
mine of Mr. Thomas Townsend, is connected with this rock, two and 
a half miles west of Canterbury. 
Pine hill, a ridge next southeast of Skunemunk, is composed of this 
rock; it is near three miles long, narrow, and somewhat elevated. In 
this hill the rock is almost entirely red, and can be quarried in hand- 
some blocks for building, Woodbury furnace is built of stone from 
Pine hill; it has all the appearance of freestone, except that it is rather 
more variegated than most American sandstones. It bears a high tem- 
perature very well. No fossils have been seen in this rock any where. 
CLAYS. 
Kaolin is found in a few places in the Highlands. One locality, a 
mile north of Southfield furnace, on the Orange turnpike, affords indi- 
cations of its existence in some quantity. It has not been tested as to 
its value in the manufacture of Porcelain. 
The blue and gray clays form an extensive stratum, underlaying the 
soil over a large portion of the county, particularly all that portion 
[Assem. No. 275.] 20 
