164 
[Assembly 
underlaid by the graywacke and slate rocks. These clays are all more 
or less marly, that is, contain lime in their composition. Some of the 
blue clays contain so much lime as to injure them for the purposes of 
making brick; clays of this description are manures of great value for 
sandy soils, by supplying directly the two substances most valuable on 
such soils, viz: clay and lime. There is no reason to doubt that these 
beds of marly clay will at a future day be extensively employed as 
manure. Their extensive distribution, and nearness to the surface, ren- 
ders their use peculiarly convenient and cheap. 
These clays also furnish an inexhaustible supply of material for the 
manufacture of brick. Some of our clays have thin layers of fine sand 
between the layers of clay, thus affording the materials for brick with- 
out mixture. 
From these clays there have been made the present season, bricks to 
the following amount: 
In Cornwall, F.Clark, 1,260,000 
do W. Stringham, 1,000,000 
do N. Audams, 3,000,000 
Walkill, M. L. Sproat, 300,000 
Goshen, S. C. Wood, 300,000 
Newburgh, Norris, 2,100,000 
do Anderson, 300,000 
8,260,000 
These,^at the average price of $5.50 per thousand, give $45,440, 
as the income of the county for one year, from our clays. 
This sum, how^ever, is not a fair average product. There are some 
places not included in the above estimate, where bricks are burned 
occasionally, but not as a steady business; and at the places above enu- 
merated, less than usual have been made on account of the stagnation 
of business, the last two summers. 
IMPROVEMENT OF THE SOIL— MANURES. 
From the peculiar situation of this county, bordering on New-Jersey 
and Pennsylvania, and from its water transport being by the Hudson 
river and by the Delaware and Hudson canal, it is impossible to ascer- 
tain, with any thing like accurapy, the amount of plaster of Paris con- 
suined annually in the county; enough, however, is ascertained to ac- 
