[Assembly 
Crbssway 7nine — Found in 1793, by John Ballj yields 50 per centj 
iron good for casting, and malleable; none used last 30 years, mine be- 
ing wet; cost of mining $1 per ton. 
intone mine — Discovered by John Antone; ore yields about 60 pef 
cent. In all respects similar to Crossway mine^ and isj in fact, the same 
continued; cost of mining $1 per ton. 
Belcher mine — Found in 1792, by Jacob Belcher; ore yields 48 per 
cent; iron cold shot; cost of mining 37 i cents per ton; ore well adapt- 
ed for making bar iron by the the blooming process, for which only it 
has been used. 
The first furnace on this tract, at Sterling, in 1751^ by Ward & Col- 
ton, used Sterling ore, until the discovery of Long mine. The first 
forge at Sterling in 1752, built by Abel Noble, from Bucks county^ 
Pennsylvania, There have been two forges of eight forge fires. 
Southfield furnace, now in operation^ was built in 1806^ its annual 
average of iron is 750 tons, and 226 bushels of coal to the ton of iron^ 
Sterling averaged annually 800 tons df iron, and it was made intd 
550 to 600 of bar iron. 
Before, and during the revolution, the annual production of iron (pig) 
in this county, was 1,500 tons, and about 1,000 tons bar iron. From 
1830 to 1838, there has been made annually in this county 3,000 tons 
of pig, but the bar has been diminished. Steel was first made on this 
tract in 1776, in the German manner, by the late Peter Townsend, Esq. 
Pig iron was first used for this purpose, and subsequently bar iron^ — 
The first blister steel manufactured in the State of New- York was in 
1810; it was made by the present Peter Townsend, Esq. from the iron 
of Long mine. It w^as used for edge tools, and proved equal to the 
Dunamore Swede iron, called hoop. The first anchor made in the State 
of New-York, was at Sterling forge, in 1773, from iron of Long and 
Sterling mines,- 
The great chain extended across the Hudson at West-Point during 
the revolution, was made at Sterling in March and April, 1788j by the 
late Peter Townsend, Esq* It was contracted for, and its making su- 
perintended by Timothy Pickering, Esq. The iron of this chain was 
made from equal parts of Sterling and Long mine ores; the weight of 
each link was from 140 to 150 lbs. and the whole chain 186 tons, made 
and delivered in 6 weeks^ 
