182 
[Assembly 
pay for excavating, and also for the material excavated, expense for 
carting excepted. 
The northern boundary of the above section will be more particularly 
described in the remarks on the Harlem and Manhattanville valley. 
The anthophyllite rock of this section of the island will be described 
with the boulders, hereafter. 
II. 
Description of the section of the island lying between the Harlem and 
Manhattanville valley, and the northern extremity of the island. 
This section commences on the east side of the southern boundary, 
at the northern limits of Harlem village, a few hundred yards northwest 
of Harlem bridge, and at about 134th-street, and on the west side of 
the island at the village of Manhattanville, at about 128th-street, and 
extends in a northeasterly direction to Kingsbridge, a distance of not 
far from five miles. This section, though rough and broken, is less so 
than the northern part of the last described. A considerable part of it 
is still covered with its native forests, though most of it is capable of 
tillage. The southern part extending northward as far as the ten mile 
stone, taken as a whole, is more level than the northern; but from the 
ten mile stone to the northern extremity, it may be considered as divi^ 
ded into three sections, the western, the middle, and the eastern. The 
western is a continuous ridge of gneiss from a quarter to half a mile ia 
width, and from 60 to 100 feet above the waters of the Hudson. The 
middle is a long narrow valley commencing a little north of the ten 
mile stone, continuing northward to Kingsbridge, and descending 
most of the way; it is in this valley the great Kingsbridge road passes. 
This valley is lined abundantly with boulders of sandstone, greenstone, 
and white limestone, like that from Kingsbridge, with large quantities 
of sand and loam. On the western side 6f this valley, the rocks of 
the western ridge are very precipitous, being in many places 50 or 60 
feet perpendicular. The third, or eastern section, lying directly east of 
the Kingsbridge road, and nearly parallel with it, is a ridge of gneiss 
of some elevation, though inferior to the first or western ridge; and is 
covered to a very considerable depth on its western slope with trans- 
ported materials in which diluvial loam, and boulders of greenstone and 
white limestone are most numerous, though many other varieties are to 
be seen. The eastern face of this ridge is precipitous, and borders on 
Harlem river or the intervening marshes. It is lower and shorter than 
