No. 60.] 
83 
We notice here the occurrence of sulphuric acid in small quantities 
in a spring, and a deposit of sulphur, from the same source. Petro- 
leum floats upon the surface of some lakes, but it is not abundant. Mag- 
netic iron sand is found near Geneva, while fluor spar, calcedony, and 
sulphate of strontian also occur, and are to be ranked among the minerals 
of this county. Finally, iron pyrites and the salts to which by its de- 
compositon, it usually gives rise, are here, as in many other parts of 
the State, widely diffused. 
ORANGE COUNTY, 
The mineral productions of this county, are fully as interesting and 
important, if not more so, than those of any other in the State. Its 
catalogue of minerals indeed, is by far the most extensive, a fact which 
may be owing in part, to the thorough manner in which it has been ex- 
plored. There have for many years resided in this county, several gen- 
tlemen who were zealous in the pursuit of mineralogy, and the fine ca- 
binets which are now to be found in it, attest the success which has at- 
tended their researches. 
The report of Dr. Horton, published in the last annual communica- 
tion from the Board of Geologists, contains so complete a catalogue of 
the minerals of Orange county, that it is unnecessary for me to occu- 
py space with a similar enumeration. It may be remarked, however, 
that the important mineral product of this county, is magnetic iron ore, 
of which there are vast beds situated chiefly in the town of Monroe. In 
no part of the State, and perhaps of the world, is there, in an equal area, 
so large a quantity of this important mineral. Nor is there any district 
which promises to be so much advantaged by the great project of inter- 
nal improvement now in progress, as the one in question. 
A bed of magnetic iron ore, has been recently opened near the village 
of Canterbury. The ore is of good quality, and the local situation of the 
mine, gives it a decided advantage over many others of similar kind. 
Besides this, the hematitic ore is also found in abundance, and it will 
no doubt be of great value whether used separately, or in mixture with 
the magnetic ores. 
During the last season, Dr. Horton and myself discovered in the vi- 
cinity of the bed of magnetic iron, above referred to, a new locality of 
the Ilmenite, a rare mineral, of which there were previously known 
two localities in other parts of this county. Another very rare mineral 
has been recently found here; viz. Allanite. (See Appendix.) 
