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429 
veral places ^of small extent, in the south part of Alabama. The 
growth of timber on such land, consists chiefly of oak. 
On the Indian reservation, this rock appears at the upper falls, and 
in the stream below ; also between this and Pembroke. The thick- 
ness of the mass is very variable, as is seen in the quarries, where 
thick masses at one place may be merely recognized ; in another, by 
layers of a few inches. West of Batavia, the terrace is not so well 
defined, though there is little difficulty in tracing the course of the 
limestone. 
The shales above the limestone are seen to less advantage in the 
county of Genesee than in any other of the same range. At Leroy, 
the Black shale or Marcellus shale, succeeds the limestone, and is well 
exposed in the bed of the stream at that village. It contains large 
masses of Septaria, which are more calcareous than those of this shale 
in most places. The compact portions of the shale have been quarri- 
ed for fire stones, and the Black stone store is built of the same mate- 
rial. I here found a fossil, the only one I have ever seen in the com- 
pact part of the shale ; it resembles the scale of a fish. 
The upper part of this mass exhibits the one foot stratum of lime- 
stone,* with its contained and accompanying fossils. Farther south, 
we find the other members of this series, at Cliiford's mill, at Roanoak, 
and a little north, where it consists of those portions that are nearly 
destitute of fossils, and consequently of less interest. In the Four mile 
creek near Roanoak, the same shale is seen. 
The Ludlowville shale, is found in two or three places in the town 
of Covington ; one a mile north of Pavilion, another a mile and a half 
southwest, in the bank of the creek near Sprague's mill. The Stropho- 
mena carinata, is almost the only fossil I saw at the first place ; at the 
latter, are Orthis, Delthyris, Leptasna, &c. The rock in place, is scarce- 
ly visible at either of these locahties ; at the first, it appears as a bank 
of clay, produced by the decomposition of the mass, leaving the fossils. 
This clay is used for bricks. At the latter, the decomposing edges of 
the strata are covered with gravel, &c. the fossils being washed out by 
rains. 
At one or two places near Bethany Centre, the upper shales of this 
series are seen ; and near the village of Darien on the Eleven mile 
* See page 420. 
