APPENDIX 
TO THE 
GEOLOGICAL REPORT OF THE FOURTH DISTRICT. 
REPORT 
Of E. N. Horsford, to James Hall, on the Geology 
of Cattaraugus County. 
This county is among those of the Fourth District distinguished for 
their deep and extended valleys, and their ranges of elevated hills. I'he 
proportion of irregular surface throughout, but particularly in the south- 
ern part, is somev^hat greater than it is in either of the counties in 
the same range, directly east. And, with the exception of the lov^r- 
lands of the Allegany and Conewango, the amount of level land, com- 
pared with the area of the whole county, is in about the same degree 
less than it is in the other counties. 
The valleys of Cattaraugus are remarkable for their uniformity, when 
viewed as great primeval water-courses, and for the prevalence, in dif- 
ferent portions, of particular soils and dependent vegetation. 
Their general direction is the same as that of the large valleys far- 
ther east, — from north to south. Toward their northern extremes, the 
beds of most of them expand gradually into plains of considerable 
width, limited by acclivities of gentle ascent on either side ; while 
some branch into smaller and more irregular valleys. They become, 
also, more and more shallow, when examination is pursued to the north. 
[Assembly, No. 50.] 58 
