30 
A NOMENCLATIVE OF COLOES. 
but the writer's actual experience is indicated by the 
preferences noted above. Certain it is that he has 
uniformly found Schoenf eld's Permanent Chinese White 
("gouache-farben"), put up in small wide-mouthed glass 
bottles, superior in working and keeping qualities to 
Winsor & Newton's preparation of the same name. It 
should further be explained that for convenience English 
names are given in the above list to Schoenfeld's colors, 
and that the names by which they are labelled may be 
found in the comparative vernacular synonymy (giving 
English, French, and German names for each pigment) 
on pages 38-55. 
Were the cochineal and aniline colors permanent, the 
above list would have to be increased by the addition 
of carmine, rosalack (light), mauve (aniline-violet), rose 
Tyrien, and dark aniline-green ; 1 since, with possibly the 
exception of the first, it is impossible to imitate them by 
combinations of other colors, so great are their purity and 
intensity. Eose-carthame (safflorroth, or safflower-red), a 
vegetable color, is incomparably purer than any variety 
of vermilion or carmine ; in fact, it is the only red which 
will, combined with yellow and blue respectively, produce 
both a pure orange and purple. It has the reputation of 
being evanescent, however, and therefore, like the aniline 
and cochineal colors, should not be used where permanence 
of color is an object, unless in cases where the pictures 
thus colored are to be only occasionally, and for short 
periods at a time, exposed to the light. 
1 The nearest approach to mauve that can be attained by mixture of 
permanent colors is that produced by combination of permanent blue, or 
Italian ultramarine, with madder-carmine or madder-lake. Carmine may 
be quite closely imitated by mixture of madder-carmine and scarlet- ver- 
milion. Eose-carthame, rosalack, rose Tyrien, and dark aniline-green are 
absolutely inimitable ; so, for that matter, is mauve. 
