82 SOUTH-AFRICAN BUTTERELIES. 
I 
flattened, its anal extremity bluntly bifid. Silken girth in depression | 
about base of abdomen, only free from a point near middle of each ' 
wing-cover. 
The above characters of larva and pupa are taken from specimens 
of those stages of T. A^itevipiJe (Boisd.) received alive from Colonel 
Bowker, and also from spirit specimens of another Teracolus (T. Achine, 
Cram., or T. Gavisa, Wallengr.) obtained from Mr. W. D. Gooch. A 
pupa of T. Pic lone, (Klug), in the British Museum, is of a somewhat 
stouter build, but does not materially differ. 
The puj)a of Teracolus is at once distinguishable from that of AntJio- 
cJiaris by its much shorter and more abruptly (instead of very gradually) 
acuminate head, and much more bulging wing-covers. Its outline 
and shape combine most of the characters of AntJwcJiaris and Colias, 
while the prominent keeled wing-covers resemble those of Go7iepteryx. 
The alliance of this genus with Fieris is apparent, the chief dis- 
tinguishing characters being the shorter palpi and antennae and the 
differing neuration of the fore-wings, in which the first and second 
subcostal nervules originate close together at some distance before the 
extremity of the discoidal cell, and the upper radial nervule is united 
to the subcostal nervure just at the extremity of that cell. Its affinity 
to the genus Colias is more remote (although in pattern and colouring 
of the under side the Amata group has a strong resemblance to it, and 
the robust type species, T. suhfasciatus, is not unlike it in appear- 
ance), the antennaa and palpi being totally different, as well as the 
subcostal neuration of the fore-wings. 
It is not without reluctance that I adopt Swainson's name of 
Teracolus ^ for this genus ; but, as I agree with Mr. Butler that Swain- 
son's type (SubfascicUus), though presenting several special minor char- 
acters, cannot be generically separated either from Idmais, Boisd., 
or Callosune, Doubl., the law of priority demands this course. 
Neither structure nor pattern is by any means uniform in this 
large and difficult group. Besides the variations pointed out in my 
diagnosis, numerous divergences occur as regards the thickness of both 
antenna and wings and the system of coloration in the latter. After 
careful investigation of a large number of species, I consider that the 
genus may with advantage be arranged in nineteen sections,^ as fol- 
lows, viz. : — 
Section I. — Representative : Suhfasciatus, Sws. 
General structure robust; wings thick. Antcnnm rather short and 
thick, ivith broad blunt club. Fore-wings acute in both sexes ; hind-wings 
^ The derivation of this name given in Agassiz's Nomendator Zoologicus, viz., ^'ripas, 
miraculum ; koXos, mutilus,''^ seems altogether fanciful; and it is almost certain, from 
Swainson's text, that the founder coined the term as a combination of Terias and Colias. 
In Swainson's figure of the neuration the first subcostal nervule is omitted. 
" The sections which appear to have no representative in South Africa proper are 
enclosed within square brackets. 
