f 
! PIERINJ^. 183 
way between end of cell and apex, or considerably nearer the latter 
(rarely nearer the former), the third ending at or just before apex ; 
tipper radial nervule usually united to subcostal nervure midway between 
end of cell and bifurcation of its third and fourth nervules, but some- 
times at end of cell ; disco-cellular nervules not or scarcely oblique, 
both arched, the lower from once and a half to twice as long as the 
upper ; discoidal cell not wide (there being unusual space between 
costal and subcostal nervures), truncate terminally ; submedian nervure 
sinuated parallel to inner margin ; internal nervure very short and 
slender, running into submedian nervure not far from base ; $ almost 
always with a more or less extended space (varying from a narrow 
Lind-marginal border to outer two-thirds or more of wing) bearing 
partly raised or tilted scales, and having a duller, almost chalky 
aspect ; same sex in some species with inner-marginal edge near base 
recurved, and bearing a long tuft or brush of radiating silky hairs. 
Hind-wings prominent apical^y and inferiorly (rarely sub-caudate at 
anal angle) ; costa well arched, and with pronounced basal projection ; 
hind-margin slightly dentate (sometimes more so inferiorly) ; inner 
margins forming a deep and complete groove entirely covering abdomen 
beneath, but markedly divergent beyond this ; costal nervure extending 
to considerably beyond middle, and sometimes nearly to apex ; first 
subcostal nervule arched, given off about middle or nearer extremity 
(upper) of discoidal cell ; disco- cellular nervules both very oblique, — 
the lower one about or less than twice as long as the upper, curved 
or sub-angulated ; internal nervure bent near base, running to end of 
inner-marginal groove ; $ with space of raised scales much more 
limited than in fore-wing, and rarely extending as far as anal angle ; 
same sex usually with a more or less ovate spot or short stripe of 
thickened scales near base, above subcostal nervures, and in some 
species with a long tuft of silky hairs below that nervure. Zegs short, 
moderately stout ; femora with only a very little extremely short hair 
beneath basally ; fore-tibia much shorter, middle tibia rather shorter, 
hind-tibia much longer than femur, — all sparsely and finely spinu- 
lose; terminal spurs of middle and hind tibiae small and slender, but 
not very short ; tarsi nearly twice as long as tibiae, rather strongly and 
thickly spinulose. 
Abdomen arched, compressed, short, acuminate, dorsally tufted 
with silky hair at base. 
Larva. — Elongate, slightly tapering anteriorly and posteriorly ; 
surface finely granulated. 
Pupa. — Variable in shape, especially as regards convexity of wing- 
covers in front of breast (which, moderate in Cwcale^ Gnoma, Florella^ &c., 
is very strongly arched and ridged in Minuscida and ? Philca), and length 
of acute projection on head (which is much prolonged in ? Philea). 
These characters of larva and pupa are from Mr. Moore's and Mr. 
Butler's published figures, and Mrs. Barber's drawings of Florella. 
