SOUTH-AFEICAN BUTTERFLIES. 
Mr. Butler (pp. cit,) has proposed to reduce Callidryas to the 
Araerican Euhule, Linn., and eight allies, in which the ^ has no 
brush of hairs in either wing. The other New World species he 
assigns to two genera, viz., Aphrissa, represented by Statira, Cram., 
and seven allies, in which also the $ has no tuft, but the $ has the 
terminal joint of the palpi lengthened, — and Fhcehis, including Cipris, 
Cram., and eleven others, in which the $ has the tuft near the base of 
the hind-wings. The Old World species, Crocale, Cram., and thirteen 
others, characterised by the $ having the tuft near the base of the 
fore-wings, he places in the genus Catopsilia. While recognising these 
divisions as convenient and natural sections of the genus Callidryas, I 
cannot find that they are structurally entitled to generic rank. In the 
important feature of neuration there is but little variation, and the 
slight differences (above mentioned) that do occur are not charac- 
teristic of, or confined to any one of the divisions.-^ 
In the ^ s of this genus, the inner edge of the space of raised 
scales is mostly well marked in both wings ; it usually follows an 
irregular course, and when (as often occurs) the colouring is different — 
yellow and white or yellowish-white, or orange and yellow — on each 
side of it, the effect is very remarkable. In most of the South- 
American species the space forms a narrow hind-marginal border, 
with the inner edge regularly festooned. The tuft or brush of long 
silky hairs is often not apparent in $ specimens of the Old World 
group, being folded back on that part of the inner margin which is 
hidden by the costal convexity of the hind-wings. 
Callidryas is in neuration and most other structural points rather 
nearly allied to Gonepteryx, but is well distiuguished by its longer, 
much thinner, less stoutly-clubbed, not curved antennae and shorter 
palpi, its less hairy thorax, and entire (instead of falcate and angu- 
lated) wings. 
In addition to the special sexual badges above mentioned, wide 
distinctions in colour also mark most of the ? s of Callidryas. This 
is very strikingly shown in some West-Indian species, of which G. 
Avellaneda, Herr.-Schseff. — the most splendid species in the genus — 
presents in the fore-wings an irregular median patch of deep crimson 
and an outer border of orange on a ground of lemon-yellow ; and C. 
Orhis, Poey, a perfect circle of orange on the lemon-yellow basal half 
of the fore-wings, which outwardly are white. There is much less 
sexual disparity in the Old World species ; several of the Indian 
forms {Pyrantlie, Linn., and allies) present plain greenish-white black- 
bordered $ s and $ s ; and the African C. florclla includes an almost 
^ BIr. Distant {op, cit.) observes, in adopting Catopsilia, that the species of the Old and 
New Worlds " are generically quite distinct, the peculiarity in neuration of the wings 
being sufficient to easily separate them ; " but he does not specify in what the peculiarity 
consists. Mr, Butler mentions no distinguishing characters of neuration in his proposed 
gtnera. 
