PAPILIONIN^. 
231 
recognised by (ist) the more decided yellow, inclining to sulphureous, 
of the markings ; (2d) the greater size of all the markings, hut espe- 
cially the ividth of the transverse hand of fore-wings near costa and the 
contiguity and outivardly-truncate form of its component spots ; (3d) the 
more conspicuous ocelli of the hind-wings and irroration of the disc 
between those markings ; (4th) the much longer and hasally much 
hroader tails. In the $, the discal silky clothing is barely seen on 
the third median nervule of the fore-wings; and the disco-cellular 
oblique marking of the same wings in both sexes is not separated into 
two distinct spots. The dentation of the stripe of the hind-wings 
which borders the costal ocellus inferiorly is much more prolonged and 
acuminate. 
Three male examples, which were taken by Mr. T. Ayres in the 
Lydenburg District of the Transvaal, are in some respects intermediate 
between the Southern and Tropical Western forms, though nearer to 
the former. In size, colouring, and development of hind-wing ocelli, 
and tails, they are quite like Ophidiccphalus ; but in the fore-wings 
the transverse band is as narrow as in Menestheus (except at its costal 
commencement, where it is somewhat broader), and its component 
spots are all separated from each other except the first three, though 
they preserve the outwardly truncate form characteristic of Ophi- 
diccphalus. In one specimen, moreover, the oblique marking of the 
discoidal cell in the fore-wings is divided into two parts, but the upper 
part remains much larger than the corresponding mark in Menestheus. 
This very fine Fapilio, the largest of the South-African butterflies, was 
discovered in Kaffraria Proper by Colonel Bowker, who forwarded specimens 
from the Trans-Kei territory as long ago as 1862, and has subsequently met 
with the species in the King William's Town and East London districts and 
in Natal. He notes it as common in its favourite haunts, which are deep 
wooded kloofs, where it follows a regular line of flight along the course of a 
stream, keeping usually about five or six feet from the ground. One of the 
localities where the species occurs in abundance is the Perie Bush near King 
William's Town, where Mr. Mansel Weale took it in March 1873. Colonel 
Bowker notes that it first makes its appearance at the end of September or 
beginning of October. Both he and Mr. A. D. Millar inform me that near 
D'Urban, the $ has been observed ovipositing on a species of Zanthoxylon, and 
the latter writes that the young larvae are very similar to those of P. Demoleiis. 
In Natal Colonel Bowker has personally observed the butterfly all along the 
coast from the Tugela to tlie XJmkomazi, and inland at Karkloof and in woods 
above Maritzburg. Mr. W. D, Goocli has published a graphic account {Ento- 
mologist, 1880, pp. 228-229) of the difficulty of capturing this apparently easy 
prey on its course through the bush, the butterfly having a knack of evading 
the sweep of the net just at the critical moment. During my visit to Natal 
in 1867, I saw but one example, which was flying rapidly across open land on 
the road between D'Urban and Yerulam. 
It is not recorded how far to the eastward typical Menestheus extends in Africa, but it may 
possibly occur side by side with Ophidicephalus, which Oberthiir records from Zanguebar, 
and which, Mr. Butler informs me, has lately (1887) been brought from Kilima-njaro. 
