PREFACE. 
xiii 
and Mr. H. Barber; a large number from Mr. A. W. Eriksson ; 
and a considerable collection made by Mr. F. C. Selous. 
The four gentlemen last named have all contributed in 
addition many butterflies from the Tropical Interior extending 
to the Zambesi Valley ; and for many specimens from Damara- 
land I am indebted to the late Mr. C. J. Andersson, Mr. J. A . 
Bell, Mr. J. J. Christie, and Mr. W. C. Palgrave. 
To the kindness of Mr. P. MacOwan, Director of the 
Botanic Gardens in Cape Town, I am indebted for the identi- 
fication of many food- plants of the larvae of South- African 
butterflies. 
The assistance rendered me by entomologists in Europe 
has been invaluable, and my only regret is that my visits to 
England have been too few and brief for more fully availing 
myself of the liberality with which access to their collections 
was awarded me. The treasures of the mamificent National 
o 
Collection in the British Museum have always been open to me 
through the courtesy of the ofiicers of the Zoological Depart- 
ment, and I cannot sufficiently thank my friends Mr. A. G. 
Butler and Mr. W. F. Kirby for the cordial manner in which, 
for many years past, they have in every way furthered my 
researches. The limits of a preface preclude a full mention of 
the many friends who have lightened my labours, but I give 
myself the pleasure of specially thanking Mr. H. W. Bates, Mr. 
W. L. Distant, Mr. F. Du Cane Godman, Professor K. Meldola, 
Mr. F. Moore, Mr. 0. Salvin, Mr. H. Grose Smith, Mr. A. R. 
Wallace, and Professor Westwood. 
Among Continental entomologists, I must express my 
special obligations to Mr. P. 0. C. Aurivillius, of the Royal 
Museum in Stockholm, who not only sent for my examination 
typical specimens from Wahlberg's South-African collections 
described by Wallengren, but also procured for me some ad- 
mirable figures of a few unique types in the same collections, 
besides presenting me with his own valuable publications treat- 
