102 
SOUTH-AFRICAN BUTTERFLIES. 
From one of these pupae I hatched a <^ Cassus on i8th September, the pupal ' 
state having lasted thirty days. The larvse fed on a grass. i 
This Leptoneura is not uncommon in the A¥estern Districts of the Cape 
Colony, but local in its habits, preferring hilly or elevated stations. It flies 
from the end of September to the middle of December, and is conspicuous on 
the wing from its dark colouring. In flight it resembles its allies, keeping ; 
near the ground and often settling, but it is rather swifter than L. Clytus. 1 
captured the paired sexes near Worcester on the 2 2d October 1863. 
The occurrence of tliis species in Madagascar, for which in 1867 the only 
evidence known to me was a specimen labelled with that locality in the British 
Museum, has of late years been established ; and the butterfly has been figured ; 
as Ypthima Cassus in the plates of M. Grandidier's great work on the Mala- 
gasy fauna, which were shown to me by Mr. H. Grose Smith in 1881. 
Localities of Leptoneura Cassus. 
I, South Africa. 
B. Cape Colony. 
a. Western Districts. — Cape Town. Simon's Town. Vogel Vley, ' 
Tulbagli District. Worcester. Hex River, AYorcester District 
(L. Peringuey). Springbokfontein, Namaqualand District {G. 
A. Reynolds). 
h. Eastern Districts. — Zwaarte Ruggens, Uitenhage District (/. H. 
Boivker). Murraysburg (/. J. Muskett). 
II. Other African Regions. 
A. South Tropical. 
hh. Madagascar. — Coll. Brit. Mus. 
25. (7.) Leptoneura Oassina, Butler. 
$ Leptoneura Cassina, Butl., Cat. Sat. Brit. Mus., p, 72, pi. ii. f. 12 (1868). 
Leptoneura Cassus (Linn.), [part], Trim., Rhop. Afr. Aust., ii. p. 196 (1866). 
Leptoneura Cassina, Trim., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1868, p. 283. 
JSxp. al., ($) I in. 9-10 lin. ; ($) 2 in. j 
J Ve7y dark-brown, with a purplish gloss ; fore-wing suffused with I 
deep ferruginous-fulvous (sometimes almost obsolete). Fore-ioing : apical 3 
ocellus as in L. Cassus (Linn.), but not so well defined, and sometimes 
tripupillate ; dark-fulvous usually more restricted than in Cassus., and h 
rarely extending as far as ocellus. Hind-iving : ocelli beyond middle 
very indistinct (especially their fulvous rings), seldom exceeding three 
in number. Under side. — ILind-wing and costal and apical border of 
fore-wing rather pcder than on upper side, irrorated uneq^ually ivith 
whitish or hoary-grey scales. Fore-wing : as in Cassus, except for rather 
dense hoary scaling just at apex. Hind-wing: whitish irroration thickest 
immediately beyond inner transverse dark streak, and between discal | 
row of ocelli and hind-margin (especially at and near apex) ; ocelli 
very obscure, except as regards the inner portions of their rings, which 
form conspicuous, thin, whitish lunules or lunulate spots. 
^ Fulvous better defined, especially in rings of ocelli in hind-wing ; j 
ground-colour quite as dark as in $. Under side. — Fulvous of fore- ' 
