200 
SOUTH-AFRICAN BUTTERFLIES. 
ties of continents, and especially by its presenting three quite distinct 
species in a country so exceptionally devoid of butterfly-life as New 
Zealand. 
60. (1). Pyrameis Cardui, (Linn.) | 
Papilio Cardui, Linn., Syst. Nat., i. 2, p. 774, n. 157 (1767). 
Papilio Carduelis, Cram., i. p. 40, t. 26, IF. e, f (1775).^ 
Vanessa Cardui, Godt., Enc. Metli., ix. p. 323, n. 62 (18 19). 
Cyntliia Cardui, Stepb,, 111. Brit. Ent. — Haust., i. p. 47 (1827). 
Fyrameis Cardui, Doubl., Gen. Diurn. Lep., p. 105 (1849). 
Pyrameis Cardui, Trimen, Rhop. Afr. Aust., i. p. 119, n. 73 (1862). 
Aberr. — Vanessa Cardui, Ilerr.-Scliaff., Schmett. Eur., i. p. 41, ff. 157-158 
(1844)- 
Aberr. — Fyrameis Cardui, var., Trimen, op. cit., ii. p. 335 (1866). 
Larva and Pupa. 
{European.) Duponcliel, Icongr. et Hist. Nat. des Chenilles, i. p. 107, 
pi. xii. ff. 42 a, h, c (1849). 
(Javanese.) Horsf. and Moore, Cat. Lep. E. I. C. Mus., i. pi. v. ff. 3, 
3« (1857). 
{Cingalese.) Moore, Lep. Ceyl., p. 51, pi. 27, f. la (1881). 
Exp. cd., 2 in. 2 lin. — 2 in. 7 lin. 
Paler or darker salmon-rcd, inclining to orange-ochreous^ varied with 
hlacJc ; apical portion of fore-vjing Hack spotted with ivhite. Forc-iuing : 
basal portion blackish, thickly dusted with golden scales ; in discoidal 
cell a short, rather broad, black, transverse mark, the lower edge of 
which almost touches the upper point of an irregular, angulated, black 
marking, commencing on inner- margin beyond middle, and thence, 
arching outwardly, extending along first median nervule into discoidal 
cell ; apical black extending fully half-way along costa, its inner edge 
forming two deep, irregularly- angulate indentations on the salmon-red 
ground-colour, and containing an elongate, abruptly-truncate, white 
stripe from costa, divided into three by nervules, beyond which is a 
curved row of four white spots from costa to first median nervule, 
parallel to hind-margin ; two rows of lunules along hind-margin, the 
outer row ochreous, the inner whitish, becoming half obliterated towards 
anal angle ; fringe chequered black and white. Hind-iuing : costal, 
basal, and inner-marginal portions broadly blackish, the two latter 
dusted with golden scales, and inner-marginal region with long, silky, 
golden hairs ; a little beyond middle a transverse blackish stripe, thin 
near costa, but suddenly thickening on third median nervule, unites 
costal and inner-marginal blackish ; beyond this stripe are three rows 
of spots parallel to hind-margin, — the first consisting of four or five 
rounded black spots between nervules, — the second of sub-lunular spots, 
sometimes contiguous, between nervules (of which the fifth spot, at 
^ Creamer states that his specimen came from the Cape of Good Hope. His figure of the 
under side is not good. 
