NYMrilALTIs^yE. 
243 
(but particularly in the $ as regards the fore-wings) very much longer. 
The species to which Tugcla seems actually most nearly allied (setting 
aside the colour of the transverse band) are P. Pelarga (Fab.) and P. 
Kowara (Ward) from West Africa, both of which present almost the 
same outline of wings, description of spots in discal row, and inner 
indentation of the band on the fore- wings. 
I met with a single specimen of this butterfly in Natal on the 8th March 
1867; it was settled, with expanded wings, on a fern in a densely-wooded 
ravine at Kranzkop, Tunjumbili, on the Tugela Eiver. This was a ^ ; and I 
saw no other examples until 1879, when two $ s were received at the South- 
African Museum in a fine collection formed by Mr. T. Ayres, with the note 
that they had been taken in the Lydenburg District of the Transvaal. In 
May 1882, in a collection shown to me by Colonel S. Scott, E.A., and stated 
to have been made at Maritzburg in Natal, I noticed a single specimen of 
what appeared to be a variety of P. Tugela, having the discal band tinged 
with rufous. 
Localities of Precis Tugela. 
I. South Africa. 
E. Natal. 
h. Upper Districts. — Tugela (Tunjumbili). 1 Maritzburg {Qolonel S. 
Scott). 
K. Transvaal. — Lydenburg District {T. Ayre^). 
Genus SALAMIS. 
Salamis, Boisd., Faune Ent. de Madag., Szc, p. 46 (1833) ; Doubl. (Juno- 
nia, "Section IIL"), Clen. Diurn. Dep., i. p. 211 (1849). 
Protogoniomoiylia, Wallgrn., Lep. Rliop. Caifr. in K, Sv. Vet.-Akad. Hand!., 
ii. No. I, p. 23 (1857). 
Junonia (part), Trim., PJiop. Afr. Aust., i. pp. 124, 125 (1862). 
Imago. — Characters of Precis generally. Antcnncc shorter, with a 
narrow, elongated, very gradually formed club. Prothorax very dis- 
tinctly defined, forming a distinct neck. Discoiclal cell in both fore- 
and hind- wings closed by a very slender nervule, meeting third median 
nervule in fore-wings a little beyond, in hind-wings at, its origin. 
Besides the few characters given, there is only the large size of the 
nine or ten species included in Salamis to distinguish them from Precis. 
The Malagasy >S^. Angustina, Boisd. (on which the genus was founded), 
and S. Anteva, Ward, are in outline of wings like the grouj) of Precis 
represented by P. Tugela, Trim., and P. Kowara (Ward), and their 
colouring — dull-red and fuscous above and ochreous or ferruginous- 
brown beneath — is rather sombre ; but the Cacta and Cytora sections 
present a handsome bluish-purple upper side, and have rather well- 
marked ocellated spots on the under side ; while the splendid pearly 
Anacanlii, Linn., and its allies have a most peculiar facies, and are 
among the loveliest of known butterflies. 
Salamis is confined to the Ethiopian Region, appearing to be most 
developed on the Tropical Western Coast, while two species seem to be 
