LYCJEmDJE. 
The thick blunted p2ij)ce are usually attached to the food-plants of 
their respective larvae by both the tail and a silken thread at the 
middle, but the latter support is not always present (ex. Myrina^ 
lolcms, &c.) ; and some rare cases (as of the European Thccla Quercus) 
are recorded where the chrysalis is simply buried in the ground. I 
have found the pupa of Zeritis Thyra (Linn.) lying unattached beneath 
a stone. 
Genus LYO^NA. 
Lyccena, Fab., Illiger's Mag., vi p. 285 (1807), Section 3 [part] ; Herrich- 
Schaeffer, Syst. Bearb. Schmett. Europ., i. p. 11 1 (1843); Westw., 
Gen. Diurn. Lep., ii. p. 488 (1852). 
Fohjommatus, Latreille [part], "Hist. Nat. Crust, et Ins., xiv. p. 116 
(1805);" and Encyc. Meth., ix. p. 11 (18 19). 
Lyccena [part], Trim., Rhop. Afr. Aust., ii. p. 233 (1866). 
Imago. — Head small, usually more or less hairy in front ; eyes hairy 
or naked (hairy in the majority of South- African species) ; palpi long, 
compressed, scaly, — second joint densely clothed with long flattened 
scales, and usually also with bristly hairs, beneath, — terminal joint 
variable in length, slender, closely scaled, acute, projecting forward 
obliquely or horizontally ; antennce slender, of moderate length or rather 
short, with each joint ringed with white at its base, — the club abruptly- 
formed, rather elongate-ovate, not pointed, flattened and often hollowed 
beneath, slightly curved. 
Thorax moderately stout or slender, well clothed with silken down 
both above and below. Fore-wings rather elongate ; costa nearly straight 
beyond basal curve ; hind-margin more or less convex, entire ; costal 
nervure short, ending about or a little before middle ; subcostal nervure 
almost always four-branched, but sometimes only three-branched (three 
instances among South- African species), — the first and second ner- 
vules given off* before extremity of discoidal cell, and the first some- 
times united to costal nervure at about three-fourths of latter's length 
from base (fourteen instances among South-African species), — third 
nervule given off about half-way between extremity of cell and apex, — 
fourth ending at apex ; upper radial nervule united to subcostal ner- 
vure at extremity of cell, lower to middle meeting point of slender 
transverse disco- cellular nervules ; lower disco-cellular joining third 
median nervule at a little beyond latter's origin. Hind-wings rather 
elongate, having a very convex hind-margin, but anal-angular portion 
not prominent (usually much rounded off") ; costa very slightly arched 
or almost straight beyond basal prominence ; costal nervure ending at 
apex ; subcostal nervure branched considerably before middle ; discoidal 
cell short ; disco-cellular nervules very slightly curved outwardly, — 
radial nervule originating at their middle point of junction ; hind- 
margin often bearing a short almost linear tail at extremity of first 
