FLORA OF SCOTTISH LAKES 
183 
common as C. rostrata, although occasionally it is very 
abundant. 
Carex acutiformis, Ehrh.^ V. As a constituent of a loch flora I 
have only observed this plant at Carlingwark Loch. 
GRAMINEiE 
Phalaris arundinacea, L., L, IV., V., VI., VII. Scarce in Area 1. 
In the other areas it is rather common about the margins of 
the lowland lochs. 
Phragmites communis, Trin., L, II., III., IV., V., VI., VII. A very 
dominant and abundant species in lowland or highland, peaty 
or non-peaty lochs. On rich, muddy shores of wind-sheltered 
lochs it attains great luxuriance, often being 8 or 10 feet 
high in such situations, and overgrowing large areas. 
Deschampsia caespitosa, Beauv.^ I., IV., V., VI., VII. A very usual 
member of the shore flora of lochs, but generally in small 
quantities. 
Glyceria fluitans, Br., I., IL, III., IV., V., VL, VII. Widely 
distributed, but seldom in great abundance. The leaves of 
aquatic forms float on the surface, whilst those of terrestrial 
forms are erect in the air. 
Glyceria aquatica, Wahlh., V., VII. Seldom seen at the lochs, but 
occasionally it does occur in great abundance ; instance 
Carlingwark Loch, Lindores Loch, etc. 
Alopecurus geniculatus, L., is very abundant on the sandy-muddy 
shore of Town Loch, Dunfermline. 
Agrostis vulgaris. With., is very abundant at the same place and 
also at Lindores Loch. Small patches or isolated specimens of 
these two grasses, with other terrestrial species, are frequently 
found mixed with the semi-aquatic vegetation of the littoral. 
Frequently too the grass sward of a moor or meadow adjoining 
a loch enters the water, and, contrariwise, aquatics such as 
Littorella lacustris leave the water and compete for terra Jirma 
against the land plants. Aquatic and terrestrial zones of 
vegetation, in such cases, are undeterminable. 
EQUISETACE^ 
Equisetum limosum, /.., L, IL, III., IV., V., VI., VII. This is 
another very abundant species ; large associations occur at the 
margins of lochs of all descriptions. It prefers deeper water 
than Carex rostrata ; sometimes it occurs even in water 
5 feet deep. When the two are growing in the same locality, 
which is very usual, the colonies are always distinct from one 
another, with the Equisetum out in the deeper water. 
