FLORA OF SCOTTISH LAKES 
185 
Leven, for example, hundreds of acres of the bottom are 
covered by it. In that loch it occurs at depths of from 
1 to 15 feet, but is most abundant at 4 to 8 feet deep. The 
varieties of this species are also connnon, and frequently occur 
with the type — vars. subinermis, Kiitz.^ and desmacantha, 
H. c^- J. G., being the most usual. 
Chara fragilis. Desv., I., II., IV., V., VI., VII. Occurs in both 
peaty and non-peaty waters. In the former case it is usually 
free of lime ; in the latter it is generally more or less incrusted 
with that substance. The common form in peaty lochs is 
the var. delicatula, Braun. Both forms are occasionally very 
abundant. 
Chara vulgaris, L., VII. This does not appear to be a common 
form in the lochs, but it occurs occasionally — at Loch Leven, 
for example. 
Chara hispida, L., var. rudis, Braun ^ II., VII. In the former Area 
this occurs as a large coarse plant at depths of 25-^5 feet, and 
is much incrusted with lime. In the latter Area it occurs in 
shallower water, is much smaller, and but slightly incrusted. 
Chara contraria, A. Br.^ IV., VII. Regarding a slightly incrusted 
form in shallow water at Loch Whinyeon, Messrs Groves write:— 
" Avery interesting little plant immediately between C. contraria 
and C. vulgaris, but we think it best placed under the former."" 
The Bryophyta often form a very conspicuous portion of the shore 
flora of lochs in Areas IV. and VI. — very much more so than 
in Areas I. -III. By instituting a careful search for these 
plants a very long list might be arranged, particularly in Areas 
IV. and VI. 
SPHAGNACE.^ 
Sphagnum intermedium, Hojf'ni.^ IV., VI., VII. On boggy shores 
of peaty lochs. 
Sphagnum cymbifolium, Ehrh.^ I., IV., VI., VII. On boggy shores 
of peaty lochs. 
Sphagnum acutifolium, Ehrh.^ I., IV., V., VI., VII. One or other of 
its numerous forms is common on boggy shores of peatv lochs. 
Sphagnum cuspidatum, Ehrh.^ I., IV., VI. Frequent in the water 
in bays, etc., of small peaty lochs, as well as on their boggy 
shores. The variety plumosum is less frequent. 
Sphagnum subsecundum, Nees.^ I., IV., VI. In similar habitats to 
the last, but less frequent ; sometimes in rather deep water. 
The variety viride, Boul.^ occurs in some of the lochs of Area I., 
but is scarce. 
