FLORA OF SCOTTISH LAKES 
217 
of the narrow western portion, Carex rostrata grows completely across 
)t. The following plants occur at these lochs : — Littorella lacustris, 
Lobelia Dortmanna, Chara aspera, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, 
Utricularia vulgaris, Potamogeton heterophyllus, P. natans, Hippuris 
vulgaris, Callitriche stagnalis, Scirpus lacustris, Equisetum limosum, 
Typha latifolia, Phragmites communis, Sparganium ramosum, Heleo- 
charis palustris, Carex rostrata, C. flacca, var. stictocarpa, C. flava, var. 
argillacea, Menyanthes trifoliata, Comarum palustre, Iris Pseud-acorus, 
Radicula officinalis, Myosotis palustris, Alisma ranunculoides, Juncus 
articulatus, J. effusus, J. conglomeratus, Caltha palustris, Cardamine 
pratensis, Stellaria uliginosa, Pedicularis palustris, Mentha arvensis, 
M. sativa. Ranunculus Flammula, Hydrocotyle vulgaris. Spiraea 
Ulmaria, Enteromorpha intestinalis, Spirogyra crassa, QEdogonium 
capillare, etc. 
The Culbin Sandhills adjoin these lochs. The progress of the 
sand over the land has been arrested by planting a zone of Pinus 
sylvestris, and by the same means land already taken possession of by 
the sand has been reclaimed. These sandhills are to be classed amongst 
the largest in Britain, and many interesting features in plant oecology 
may be seen there. 
Area IV 
Kirkcudbrightshire may be advantageously divided into two Areas 
by a line passing from Gatehouse of Fleet across the county in a 
north-easterly direction towards Thornhill in Dumfries-shire. All the 
lochs in Kirkcudbrightshire north-west of this line, including those 
on the border of Ayrshire in the neighbourhood of Loch Doon, are 
mostly of the nature of highland lochs. This district is characterised 
by mountain and moor ; indeed, some of the highest mountains of 
Scotland, south of Perthshire, are found here. The lonely grandeur 
of its wild scenery, notwithstanding the paucity of purple heather, 
gives it rank amongst the foremost of Scotland's charms. Owing to 
the lack of good roads, the absence of footpaths, and the exceedingly 
rough and often impassable nature of the ground, the tourist seldom 
penetrates to the remote fastnesses where lies the wildest of the 
fascinating scenery. The mountains, for the greater part rounded 
and reduced by intense glaciation, are, where the rock is not 
altogether bare of soil, covered with grass-like associations of plants, 
which afford pasturage to enormous numbers of sheep. The pre- 
dominance of grass-like associations over the mountains and moors, 
instead of heather, has a great influence upon the flora of the lakes, 
and will be described in due course. Not only that, but the pastoral 
life induced thereby stamps the inhabitants with characteristics 
different from those of the people living in localities that are chiefly 
