646 THE FRESH- WATER LOCHS OF SCOTLAND 
Lakes Kingire and Ikapa are said to be about 500 yards in 
diameter, and abound in fish. 
Lake KiungUVUVU, about two-thirds of a mile in diameter, is 
situated in a very large volcanic cone. It has no visible outlet, but 
since several streams rise on the side of the cone, the water probably 
finds some underground exit. 
Lakes Itende and Itamba are smaller lakes in the vicinity of 
KiungUVUVU. 
Lake Kisiwa is about one square mile in area, and as the cone is 
less defined it is probably older than the others. 
Lake Wutiva lies in a hollow in Mount Rungwe, two-thirds of a 
mile in diameter. It contains little water, the surface of which is 
about 1500 feet below the rim of the crater. Several springs were 
observed in the sides of the crater, but the lake has no visible outlet. 
America. Crater Lake m Oregon is situated in Cascade Range, at 6239 feet 
above sea-level. It is oval in shape, about 21 square miles in area, 
and is surrounded by cliffs ranging from 500 to nearly 2000 feet 
in height. The lake is nearly 2000 feet deep in places, and near 
its western margin contains a rocky island, evidently a former volcanic 
vent. It occupies the bowl of a volcanic cone, which must have risen 
some 6000 feet above the rim of the present lake. The entire 
summit sank owing to its being undermined by the liquid lava in the 
core of the mountain. 
Boiling Lake of Dominica was only discovered in 1875 through 
the accident of a man's losing his way in the forests of Dominica. It 
lies in a volcanic centre called Grande Soufriere, the area of which 
is about 5 square miles, at an elevation of 2425 feet above the sea. 
The lake is elliptical in form, measures about 200 feet by 100 feet 
when full, and drains intermittently into the Pointe Mulatre stream. 
Vertical cliffs rise from the water, and no bottom was found in 
sounding 10 feet from the edge at 195 feet. It is wholly different 
in character from the ordinary geyser. Its waters do not rise in 
fountain form but merely become ebullient, remaining so for days, 
while at other times it is quiescent — but still a lake, not a funnel. 
It is not yet known whether ebullition occurs at definite periods. 
Sulphuretted hydrogen is intermittently exhaled, and proved fatal to 
a visitor and guide in 1901, while other visitors have suffered from 
its effects. 
The crater of the Soufriere in St Vincent is occupied by a lake. 
Prior to May 1902, when the last eruption of the volcano took place, 
the Soufriere was noted for its beautiful lake of green water. Mr 
P. F. Huggins^ took soundings in the years between 1896 and 1900, 
1 See An Account of the Eru2')tions of the St Vincent Soufriere, St Vincent, 1902. 
