Head 
16 
Figure 2-13 (upper left): Rostral view of succeeding section demonstrating distribution of 
dorsal and ventral conchae and three meatuses in nasal cavity. 1 =dens incisivus; 5 = cutis; 6 = 
septum nasale: 7 = concha nasalis dorsalis; 8==:Concha nasalis ventralis; 9 = organum vomero- 
nasale; 10 = ductus nasolacrimalis; ll = processus alveolaris; 13 = os nasale; 14=palatum 
durum: 15 = vomer; 16 = cavum oris: 18 = ruga palatina; A = meatus nasi dorsalis: B = meatus 
nasi medius: C = meatus nasi ventralis. 
Figure 2-14 (lower left): Caudal view of above section. 1 =dens incisivus: 5 = cutis; 6 = septum 
nasale: 7 = concha nasalis dorsalis: 8 = concha nasalis ventralis; 9 = organum vomeronasale; 
10 = ductus nasolacrimalis: ll = processus alveolaris; 13 = os nasale: 16 = cavum oris: 17 = 
maxilla; 18=ruga palatina; 20 = blood vessel; 21 = sinus maxillaris; A = meatus nasi dorsalis; 
B = meatus nasi medius; C = meatus nasi ventralis. 
Figure 2-15 (upper right): Rostral view of succeeding section: l = dens incisivus: 5 = cutis; 
6 = septum nasale: 7 = concha nasalis dorsalis: 8 = concha nasalis ventralis: 9 = organum vom- 
eronasale: ll = processus alveolaris: 13 = os nasale: 14=palatum durum; 16 = cavum oris; 
18 = ruga palatina; 19 — recessus cavi nasi; 20 = blood vessel; 21=sinus maxillaris; A = meatus 
nasi dorsalis; B = meatus nasi medius; C = meatus nasi ventralis. 
Figure 2-16 (lower right): Caudal view of above section. Note endoturbinals (24-27), ecto- 
turbinals (28-30), and maxillary sinus (21), the only paranasal cavity of European hamster. 1 = 
dens incisivus; 5 = cutis; 6 = septum nasale; 13 = os nasale: 14=palatum durum; 16 = cavum 
oris; 20=blood vessel; 21=sinus maxillaris; 24 = endoturbinale I; 25 = endoturbinale 11; 26 = 
endoturbinale III; 27 = endoturbinale IV; 28 = ectoturbinaie I; 29 = ectoturbinale 11; 30 = ecto- 
turbinale III; 31 = glandula lacrimalis; A = meatus nasi dorsalis; B = meatus nasi medius; C = 
meatus nasi ventralis. 
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