30 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
of the three adult females was 76, two of these pelves being respectively 79 and 80. 
From the data which are furnished by Professor Flower in his table of pelvic measure- 
ments of this race the mean breadth of eight males was 212*1 mm., and the mean height 
was 175 '5 mm., whilst the mean breadth of nine females was 203 "8, and the mean height 
was 165'4. The breadth-height index for the men was therefore 82*7, and for the women 
81, so that this index is, when a larger average is taken, higher in both sexes than would 
appear from my more limited series of measurements. 
The specimen which is of most interest in the table of Asiatic pelves is the Malay, 
which, though on a considerably larger scale, approximated in the form of its ilium to 
that of the Bushman, and its breadth-height index was 85. C. Martin and H. Fritsch 
have both described pelves of Malays, and remark on the translucent character of the 
bone in the iliac fossa. Martin speaks of the Malay pelvis as narrow, and that the iliac 
spines and crest, in comparison with the antero-posterior diameter of the entire pelvis, are 
not far separated from each other, a character with which my specimen also corresponds. 
< The only entire male Guanche pelvis in my series had a breadth-height index of 77, 
and approximated therefore closely to the European standard. M. Verneau, who has 
examined both a male and female Guanche pelvis, stated that whilst the female diflfered 
very little, except in the pelvic inlet, from that of a European woman, the male on the 
other hand had strongly marked differences. Amongst these he says that the ilia were 
feebly developed and with not much of an incline, and that the greatest transverse 
diameter of the pelvis was considerable in relation to the vertical and antero-posterior 
diameters. He gives 81 as the breadth-height index of the male, and 75 as that of the 
female Guanche pelvis. 
In both the male and female Esquimaux the breadth-height index was 77, and the 
pelves were large, well formed, and with moderately expanded iliac wings. Dr. Struthers, 
who many years ago described a female Esquimaux, stated that the diameter between 
the iliac crests was (11 inches) 280 mm., and between the anterior superior iliac spines 
(10 inches) 254 mm., so that its dimensions in these diameters were larger than either 
the male or female in my table. He does not, however, give the pelvic height, so that I 
am unable to compute a breadth-height index. M. Verneau has also examined an 
imperfect male pelvis of this race. The maximum breadth in it was only 245 mm., 
and the height 205, whilst the breadth-height index was 84. Verneau directs attention 
to the diminution in breadth of this pelvis from the iliac crests to the ischial tubera, 
whilst the antero-posterior and vertical diameters are, he says, but little modified. 
Whilst the iliac fossae are very concave, the ilia are less developed, especially in the 
vertical direction. From the difference in the relation of breadth and height in Verneau's 
Esquimaux and in mine it is evident that we are not yet in a position to state what the 
general form of the pelvis is in this race. 
The pelvis of the male Laplander had a breadth-height index of 80*5, and the female 
