50 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
the above three male pelves was 100, and of the four females 93 '8. The females were 
dolichohieric, and the males slightly platyhieric. 
In each of my five female pelves from Oahu, Sandwich Islands, the sacral breadth 
exceeded the length, and the mean index was 113, and in the Tonga Islander the index 
was 115. In M. Verneau's two Sandwich Island men the mean sacral index was also 
113, and in his male Tongan it was 100. In his male Mangarevan the sacral index was 
100 "9, and in his Noukahivan it was 99. In Barnard Davis's male Tannese this index was 
100. In each of my two male New Zealanders the sacral index was 96, but in the 
young, probably female, Maori measured by Meyer and Tiingel it was 110. In Verneau's 
male Loyalty Islander the sacral index was 107'7, and in Barnard Davis's male pelvis 
it was 103. In Verneau's series of New Caledonians the mean sacral index in the males 
was 102 and in the females 120. In this series of Pacific Islanders, the mean sacral 
index of the males was 102, and of the females 114, so that the sacral breadth is as a rule 
greater than the length, and the proportion of that bone is platyhieric. As has already 
been pointed out in the chapter on the pelvic brim (p. 40) it is difficult to differentiate 
which of the specimens are pure Melanesians, or pure Polynesians, or how far they are a 
mixture of the two races. 
In my two male Guanche pelves the mean sacral index was 108*5, and in 
M. Verneau's male this index was 102. In my male Esquimaux the sacrum had the 
abnormal index of 139, whilst this index in the female was 106. In my male Laplander 
the sacral index was 106, in the female 112; but the mean index in M. Verneau's 
two male Lapps was only 92*6. The number of pelves of the Guanche, Esquimaux, 
and Laplanders is too small to form an average, but I think it not unlikely it will 
be found, that in each of these races it is the rule for the sacrum to be broader than 
long. 
Of the natives of India the sacral index of the male Hindoo in Table V. was 109. 
The dimensions of the sacrum in the tall male Hindoo presented to the museum by Dr. 
Anderson were — length 110 mm., breadth 122 mm., the index being 111 ; in the female 
Hindoo the index was 127. In all therefore the sacrum was platyhieric. In my Sikh 
the sacral index was 124*5, but in a male Sikh, "Bariam Singh," measured by Barnard 
Davis this index was only 91. In a male Bhutea, also measured by B. Davis the 
sacral index was 93 "6. 
The Chinese measured in Table V. had a sacral index 98. In von Franque's female 
specimen the length and breadth of the sacrum were equally 111 mm., and the index 
was therefore 100. In Verneau's female pelvis the sacral index was 120, but in his male, 
owing to the great length of the sacrum, 134 mm.,^ this index was only 78. In 
1 Vemeau states that in the Annamite and male and female Chinese pelves the sacrum consists of six pieces. The 
Chinese woman, notwithstanding this, has a relatively broad sacrum ; but if he has included the sixth piece in his 
measurements of the Chinese man and of tlie Annamite the low sacral index is accounted for. It is not unlikely 
that Spengel's specimen may have had a similar arrangement. 
