EEPORT ON THE BONES OF THE HUMAN SKELETON. 
51 
Spengel's male the sacrum liad a still greater length, 139 mm., and its breadth was 
108 mm., the index being 777. In Meyer and Tiingel's male Chinese in the Dresden 
Museum, the length was 102 mm. and the breadth 106 mm., the index being 104. The 
mean index in the two females was 110, and in the four males 8 9 '4. Owing to the paucity 
of the specimens, and the wide diversity in the relative proportions of this bone in the 
pelves measured, due j)robably to certain of the specimens possessing six vertebrae in the 
sacrum, it would be difficult to state, even approximately, the mean sacral index ; but 
from the information at present before one it is possible that in the male Chinese the 
length of the sacrum may exceed the breadth, though in the two males, in which only five 
vertebrae were in each bone, the mean index was 101. In Verneau's male Annamite, also, 
the sacral index was only 8 7 '5, but here also the bone had six vertebrae. 
The female Aino in the Barnard Davis collection had a sacral index 91 ; whilst in the 
male Aino, measured by Scheube, the length and breadth of this bone were equal at 
115 mm. and the sacral index was 100. 
In my male Malay the sacral index was 95. In von Franque's female the sacral length 
was 102 mm. and the breadth 100 mm., the index being therefore 98. In Barnard 
Davis's two male Javanese the sacral index was respectively 96 and 88, but in Verneau's 
female, owing to the remarkable shortness of the sacrum, 72 mm., this index rose to 145. 
Of the twenty-six Javanese female pelves, measured in Zaaijer's Table I., the length of 
the sacrum exceeded the breadth in eleven specimens, it was less than the breadth in 
fourteen specimens, and in one these two dimensions were equal. As it is the rule 
in the female pelvis for the sacrum to be relatively broader than in the male, there can, I 
think, be little doubt that, in the Malay race, the male sacrum is longer than it is broad, 
and that this bone is dolichohieric. 
Of the North American Indians von Franque gives the length of the sacrum in the 
male Flathead as 112 mm. and the breadth as 114 mm., the index being 101*8 ; whilst 
in the female the length was 107 mm. and the breadth 108 mm., the index being 100*9, 
In Barnard Davis's male Illinois Indian the sacral index was 115'8, and in Verneau's female 
Mexican it was 108. Probably, therefore, in the North American aborigines the average 
breadth of the sacrum is more than the average length. 
The dimensions of the sacrum have been recorded in a few more specimens of South 
than of North American Indians. In a male Puelche measured by Barnard Davis the 
sacral index was 95*8, and in a male ancient Peruvian it was 92. From Verneau's table 
of sacral measurements I have computed the sacral index in a male Charruan at 108, in 
a male Botocudon 117, in a male Bolivian 93, the mean of two male Peruvians 128, 
in a male Goytacazen 119 ; whilst the mean of three female Peruvians was 1217, and in 
a female Goytacazen it was 110 '5. Of the eight males three had a sacral index below 
100, but. the others were so much above 100 that the mean sacral index of the series 
was 107 "5, and the mean of the four females was 116. The measurements recorded by 
