452 
LARUS. 
eburiieus Gmelin, Syst. Nat. I. 596. — Audubon, Birds America VII. 150. 
Tb. 445. — Naumann, Naturg. Vögel Deutschlds. X. 341. Tf. 263. — Schle- 
gel, Mus. Pays-Bas Larus 6. [Terrae arcticae. 
Larus niveus Martens, Spitzberg. Reise 77. — Buffon, PI. enlum. 994. 
Larus Candidus Fabricius, Fauna groenland. 103. 
Gavia eburnea Boie, Oken's Isis 1822. 563. 
Pagophila eburnea Kaup, natürl. Syst. 69. — Degland, Ornith. Europ. II. 
405. — Baird, Birds N America 856. 
Gavia nivea Brehm, Vögel Deutschld. 766. 
Cetosparactes eburneus Macgillivray, Hist. brit. Birds II. 252. 
Pagophila brachytarsa Bruch, Journ. Ornith. 1853. I. 106. — Baird, Birds 
NAmerica 856. 
Pagophila nivea Bonaparte, Conspect. Avium II. 230. 
Rathsherr , Schneemöve. — Monette blanche, Sénateur. — Ivory Gull. 
elegans Alph. Milne Edwards, Compt. rend. 1872. April 1030; Rech, palaeont. 
Ois. foss. I. 350. Tb. 56—58. Miocaen. [Allier. 
epargyrus Lichtenstein, Mus. berol. == Larus fuscus Lin. 
erythropus Gmelin, Syst. Nat. I. 597. — Larus ridibundus Lin. 
Pabricii Brehm, Naumannia 1855. V. 294. = Larus marinus Lin. 
flavipes Meyer, Taschb. Vögel Deutschi. 1810. = Larus fuscus Lin. 
F r a » kl i ni Richardson, Faun. bor. amer. II. 424. Tb. 17. — Audubon, Birds 
America VII. 145. — Bruch, Journ. Ornith. 1855. III. 289. — Schlegel, 
Mus. Pays-Bas Larus 36. [America. 
Larus cucullatus Lichtenstein, Bruch Journ. Ornith. 1855. III. 290. 
Larus atricilla Sabine, Franklin's Journ. 695. 
Larus pipixan Wagler, Oken's Isis 1831. 315. 
Xema Franklini, X. pipixan Boie, Oken's Isis 1844. 192. 
Gavia cucullata, G. Franklini Bonaparte, Naumannia 1854. IV. 212. 
Chroicocephalus Franklini, Chr. cucullatus Baird, Birds NAmerica 851. Tb. 93. 
Larus einer eocaudatus Philippi, Wiegm. Archiv 1861. 293. 
Melagavia Franklini, M. cucullata Gray, Handl. Birds III. 115. 
Franklini Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1867. 336. = Larus Kittlitzi Bruch. 
Fritzei Bruch, Journ. Ornith. 1855. III. 280. = Larus dominicanus Lichtst. 
Froebeni Philippi, Wiegm. Archiv 1861. 292. == Larus Belcheri Vig. 
frontalis Vieillot, Encycl. méth. 345. — Larus paeißcus Lath. 
fuliginosiis Gould, Voy. Beagle Birds III. 141. = Larus Belcheri Vig. 
farcatus Bruch, Journ. Ornith. 1855. III. 292. — Neboux, Voy. Venus Zool. 
Tb. 10. [California. 
Creagrus furcatus Baird, Birds NAmerica 857. 
fuscescens Lichtenstein, Mus. berol. = Ikarus fuscus Lin. 
fuscus Linne, Syst, Nat. I. 225. — Naumann, Natg. Vögel Deutschlds. X. 419. 
Tb. 267. — Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas Larus 14. [Europa. Africa. America. 
Larus griseus Brisson, Ornith. VI. 162. 
Gavia grisea Brisson, Ornith. VI. 171. 
Larus flavipes Meyer, Taschb. Vögel Deutschi. II. 469. — Vieillot, Encycl. 
méth. 346. 
Larus cinereus Leach, Catal. brit. Mus. 40. 
Larus argentatus Montagu, Hist. brit. Birds. 
Ijarus fuscescens, L. epargyrus, L. chalcopterus Lichtenstein, Mus. berolin. 
— Baird, Birds NAmerica 843. 
Leucus fuscus Kaup, natürl. Syst. 86. 
Jjaroides melanotus, L. harengorum, L. fuscus Brehm, Vögel Deutschi. 747 — 749. 
Dominicanus fuscus Bruch, Journ. Ornith. 1853. I. 100. 
Clupeilarus fuscus , Cl. Verreauxi Bonaparte, Conspect. Avium II. 220; Revue 
Mag. Zool. 1854. 12. — Bruch, Journ. Ornith. 1855. III. 281. 
Heringsmöve, kleine Mantelmöve. — Herring Gull. - — la Mouette grise. 
Gabbiano guairo. Gabbiano mezzo moro. — Sillmäse. Sillmaka. 
