CALENDULA. — CALLAEAS. 
533 
papuensis Rosenberg, Naturk. Tijdschr. nederl. Indie. 1863. XXV. 229. — 
Nov. Guinea. 
ruficollis Bonaparte, 1. c. = Buceros ruficolUs Vieill. 
CALENDULA Brisson, Ornith. III. 580. = Regulus cristatus Lin. 
CALENDULA (Alaudinae) Swainson, Classific. Birds 1837. II. 292. = Alauda L. 
Bill thick, much compressed; the culmen curved and convex; the commissure 
arched; the tip of the upper mandible wide above and inflexed. Wings long or 
moderate; the first quill very small and spurious; the second nearly equal to the 
third and fourth; lesser quills short, emarginate. Tail slightly forked. Lateral 
toes equal. 
crassirostris Gray, Handlist Birds I. 119. = Alauda crassirostris Vieill. 
magnirostris Swainson, Classific. Birds II. 292. = Alauda crassirostris Vieill. 
rufocinnamomeus Gray, Handlist Birds I. 119. = Alauda elegantissima Heugl. 
CALENDULAUDA (Alaudinae) Blyth, 1855. = Alauda Lin. 
albescens Gray, Handlist Birds I. 123. = Alauda albescens Lafresn. 
guttata Gray, Handlist Birds I. 123. = Alauda guttata Lafresn. 
pyrrhonotus Gray, Handlist Bird I. 123. = Alauda albescens Lafresn. 
CALHERODIUS cucullatus Bonaparte, Conspectus Avium II. 139. = Ardea cu- 
cullata LiCHTST. 
CALIALCYON Bonaparte = CALLIALCYON Reichenbach. 
CALICALICUS madagascariensis Bonaparte, Compt. rend. 1854. XXXVIII. 535. 
= Lanius madagascariensis Lin. 
CALICIPETA Blyth teste Gray, Handlist Birds L 218. = Culicipeta Blyth. 
CALIDRIS (Scolopacidae) Brisson, Ornith. 1760. V. 226. — Illiger, Prodr. Syst. 
Mam. Av. 1811. 249. = Tringa Lin. 
Rostrum mediocre, tenue, rectum, teretiusculum , maxillae dertro paululum 
incrassato, in apicem deflexo. Nares parvae, oblongoovales. Alae volatiles. Pedes 
grallarii, médiocres, cursorii, tridactyli, digitis ad basin usque fissis. Acropodia 
scutulata. 
americana Brehm, Vögel Deutschlds. 675. = Tringa arenaria Lin. 
arenaria Illiger, Prodr. Syst. 249. = Tringa arenaria Lin. 
australis Lesson, Traité Ornith. 558. = Tringa minuta Leisl. 
grisea Brisson, Ornith. V. 233. — Brehm, Vögel Deutschlds. 674. = Tringa 
arenaria Lin. 
MüUeri Brehm, Naumannia 1850. IP. 66. = Tringa arenaria Lin. 
naevia Brisson, Ornith. V. 230. = Tringa canutus Lin. 
nigellus Vieillot, Galerie Oiseaux Tb. 234. = Tringa arenaria Lm. 
tringoides Vieillot, Galerie Oiseaux Tb. 234. — Tringa arenaria Lin. 
CALIECHTHRUS (Cuculinae. — xaXta nidus, ty^çoç inimicus) Cabanis, Mus. 
Heine. 1863. IV. 31. = Cuculus Lin. 
Synon.: Simotes Blyth. 
leucolophus Cabanis, Mus. Heine. IV^ 31. = Cuculus leucolophus Müll. 
CALLACANTHIS Burtoni Reichenbach, Syst. Avium 1850. = Fringilla Burtoni 
Gould. 
CALLAEAS (Corvidae) Forster, Enchir. hist. nat. 1788. 35. — Vieillot, Encycl. 
méth. 904. — Gray, Genera Birds 1845. IL 309. = Glaucopis Gmel. 
Synon.: Callaeus Gray. 
Bill short, strong, with the culmen elevated at the base, and suddenly cur- 
ved from the base to the entire tip; the sides compressed and the gonys leng- 
thened and slightly arched; the nostrils basal, lateral, pierced in a membranous 
channel and the opening partly concealed by the frontal plumes. Wings short 
and rounded, with thé sixth and seventh quills equal and longest. Tail mode- 
ratly long and rounded with the shaft of each feather ending in a bristly point. 
Tarsi longer than the middle toe and strongly scutellated in front with one leng- 
thened scale. Toes moderate, the lateral ones unequal and free at their base, 
the outer toe the longest; the hind toe very long and strong and all armed with 
strong curved claws. 
