656 
CHIONOCHEN. — CHIZAERHIS. 
Bill short, strong, base broad, compressed towards the tip^ the culmen gra- 
dually curved to the tip y the base covered by a horny substance, with the anterior 
margin dentated and furrowed above; the base of the upper and that of the lower 
mandible, and cheeks, covered by a naked skin; the nostril oval, and more or less 
concealed by a horny covering. Wings moderate with the second quill the longest 
and the bend of the wing tuberculated. Tail moderate and even. Tarsi short, 
strong and covered with small rough scales. Toes moderate and strong, covered 
above with transverse scales; the outer toe united to the middle one by a membrane 
at the base; the hind toe small ^ elevated and placed on one side; the claws short 
and obtuse. — 2 Specc. 
alba QuoY et Guimard, Voy. Uranie Tb. 30. [Maluinae. 
Vaginalis alba Gmelin. — Shaw, Natur. Miscell. XII. Tb. 481. 
Chionis lactea Forster, Descr. anim. 330; Icones ined. 125. 
Chionis necrophaga Vieillot, Galerie Oiseaux Tb. 258. 
Chionis novae Hullandiae Temminxk, Syst. Ornith. PI. 509. 
Coelorhamphus nivalis Duméril, Voy. Bonite Oiseaux Tb. 9. 
minor Hartlaub, Revue Zool. 1841. 5; Magaz. Zool. 1842. Tb. 2. Fig. 2. — 
Gray, Genera Birds III. Tb. 126. [Kerguelen. 
CHIONOCHEN Reichenbach, Syst. Avium 1851. 9. — Chen Boxe. 
CHIONOSPINA Kauf, Entwickl. europ. Thierw. 1829. = Fringilla Lin. 
CmONOSPIZA Gray 1849. =:i Chionospina Kauf. 
CHIHOMACHAEBIS (Piprinae. — -^/j.ig manus, [xaxatpa ensis) Cabanis, Wiegm. 
Archiv 1847. XIII. 235. --=^ Pipra Lin. 
Synon.: Mauacus Bonap. 
Unterscheidet sich von Pipra schon genügend durch den eigen thümlich en 
Flügelbau. Die Flügel sind kurz, muldenförmig abgerundet. Handschwingeu 
sichelförmig gekrümmt und auffallend verengt. 
aorantiaca Salvin, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1870. XXXVIII. 200. = Pipra au- 
rantiaca. 
Candei Cabanis, Mus. Heine. II. 97. Piiira Candei Parz. 
flaveola Cabanis, Mus. Heine. II. 97. = Pipra flaveola. 
gutturosa Cabanis, Mus. Heine. II. 97. = Pipra gutturosa Desm. 
manacus Cabanis, Mus. Heine. II. 97, = Pipra manacus Lm. 
vitellina Cabanis, Mus. Heine. II. 97. = Pipi-a vitellina Gould. 
CHIROPRION Schiff teste Bonaparte. — Pipra Lin. 
CHIEOXIPHIA (Piprinae. — fziç manus, ^içtov gladius) Cabanis, Wiegm. Archiv 
1847. Xm. 235. = Pipra Lin. 
Synon.: Cheiroxiphia Reichb. — Chiroprion, Cercophaena Schiff. 
Hauptunterschiede von Pipra sind: zugespitzte, stark verengte Handschwingen, 
stärker entwickelte Armschwingen und verlängerte zugespitzte mittle Schwanzfedern, 
caudata Cabanis, Mus. Heine. II. 95. = Pipra caudata Shaw. 
ignicapilla Cabanis, Mus. Heine. II. 95. = Pij^ra ignicapilla Wagl. 
lanceolata Cabanis, Mus. Heine. II. 96. = Pipra lanceolata Wagl. 
linearis Bonafarte, Conspectus Avium I. 172. = Pipra linearis Bonap. 
longicauda Bonafarte, Conspectus Avium I. 172. = Pipra caudata Shaw. 
melanocephala Bonafarte, Conspect. Avium I. 112. =z Pipra lanceolata yf^au 
militaris Cabanis, Wiegm. Archiv 1847. XIII. 235. =. Pipra militaris Shaw. 
oxyura Cabanis, Wiegm. Archiv 1847. XIII. 235. = Pipra militaris Shaw. 
pareola Cabanis, Mus. Heine. II. 96. = Pipra pareola Lin. 
regina Sclater, Ann. mag. nat. hist. 1856. XVII. 469. = Pipra regina Natt.; 
CHIZAEEHIS (Musophagidae. — ^i'Cyi rima, piç nasus) Wagler, Syst. Avium 
1827. III. — Musophaga. 
Rostrum capite brevius, crassum, validum, durum, intumidolatum, versus 
apicem compressiusculum, basi vix altius quam latum et perconvexum, laeve, 
culmine indistincto et latiusculo convexum; tomia maxillae a medio ad apicem: 
subflexuosa subdendiculata , patentiuscula; mandibula quam maxilla dimidia fere 
parte minus alta, recta, tomiis versus basin integris, medio sensim subarcuato- 
