804 
CRATICUS. — CRAX. 
Ischyropodus testaceus Reichenbach, Syst. Avium, 
plebejus Rüppell, Zoolog. Atlas Tf. 23. [Africa orient, occid. 
Crateropus cinereus v. Heuglin. 
puniceus Blyth, Journ. asiat. Soc. Bengal 1855. XXIV. 270. = Garrulax 
phoeniceus Blyth. 
Reinwardti Swainson, Zool. Illustr. new série. Tb. 80. \ Africa occid. 
Turdus melanocephalus Cuvier. Pucheran, Arch. Mus. VII. 342. 
rabiginosas Rüppell, Syst. Uebers. Vögel NO. Afr. 47. Tf. 19. [Schoa, 
Argyia ruhiginosa Cabanis, Mus. Heine. I. 85. 
Chatarrhaea ruhiginosa Gray, Handlist Birds 1. 279. 
rnfescens v. Heuglin, Journ. Ornithol. 1863. XL 24. [Africa orient, sept, 
ruficeps Swainson, Classific. Birds II. 234. 
rufifrons Swainson, two Centur. Nr. 31. = Garrulax rufifrons Lesson. 
rufogularis Swainson, Classific. Birds II. 234. — Garrulax rufigularis Blyth. 
Sahara Loche, Revue Mag. Zool. 1858. Tb. 11. Fig. 2. [Algeria, 
Salvadorii de Filippi, Viaggio Persia 346. [Persia. 
senex Hartlaub u. Finsch, Vögel NO. Africa 290. = Grateropus Hartlaubi 
Boc. 
squamatus Gray, Genera Birds 1. 224. = Crateropus squamiceps Bonap. 
squamatus Swainson, Classif. Birds II. 234. = Garrulax squamatus Blyth. 
squamiceps Bonaparte, Conspectus Avium I. 278. [Africa orient. 
Sphenura squamiceps Rüppell, neue Wirbeith. Fauna Abyss. Tf. 12. 
Argya Büppelli Lesson, Traité Ornith. 402. 
Crateropus squamatus Gray, Genera Birds I. 224 
Argya squamiceps Cacanis, Mus. Heine. I. 84. 
Swainsoiii Smith, Illustr. S. Afr. Zool. teste Gray [Africa merid. 
variegatus Swainson, Classific. Birds II. 233. = Garrulax variegatus Blyth. 
CRATICUS Eyton. = Cracticus Vieill. 
CRATOPUS Jardine. = Crateropus Swains. 
CRAUGASUS (Picidae. — xpauyaaoç picus) Cabanis, Mus. Heine. 1863. IV^ 
157. = Picus Lin. 
Synon.: Lampropicus Malh, — Chrysopicus Bonap. 
auratus Cabanis, Mus. Heine. IV^. 158. = Picus aurulentus Illig. 
aurulentus Gray, Handlist Birds II. 198. = Picus aurulentus Illig. 
callopterus Cabanus, Mus. Heine. IV^. 159. = Picus callopterus Sundev. 
capistratus Cabanis, Mus. Heine. IV^. 160. = Picus capistratus Natt. 
chrysochlorus Cabanis, Mus. Heine. IV^. 159. = Picus aurulentus Illig. 
erythropes Cabanis, Mus. Heine. IV^. 158. = Picus erythropes Vieill. 
fiavigula Cabanis, Mus. Heine. IV^. 157. = Picus flavigula Bodd. 
leucolaemus Cabanis, Mus. Heine. IV^. 160. = Picus leucolaemus Natt. 
polyzonus Cabanis, Mus. Heine. IV^. 159. = Picus polyzonus Val. 
CRAUGISCXJS (Picidae. — xpauyoc picus) Cabanis, Mus. Heine. 1863. lY^. 10. 
= Picumnus. 
Synon. : Asthenurus Bonap. 
Durch die borstenartigen, fast den ganzen Vorderkopf wie eine Bürste ein- 
nehmenden Stirnfedern und die grössere Nacktheit um die Augen von den typischen 
Picumnusarten verschieden. 
cinnamomeus Cabanis, Mus. Heine. IV^. 10. = Picumnus cinnamomeus Wagl, 
fuscus Gray, Handlist Birds II. 180. ~ Picumnus fuscus Natt. 
rufiventer Cabanis, Mus. Heine. IV^. 11. = Picumnus rußventer Lafresn. 
CRAX (Cracinae.) — Linne, Syst. Nat. 1744. — Swainson, Fauna bor. amer. 
1831. 487. — Gray, Genera Birds 1844. IH. 486. — Sclater et Salvin, 
Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1870. 512. 
Synon.: Alector Merrem. — Pauxi Tem. — Ourax Cav. — Urax Burm. — Lopho- 
cerus Swains. — Mitu Less. — Mitua Strickl. — Uragis Glog. — Sphaerolaryngus , Mitu- 
poranga, Crossolaryngus Reichenb. 
Bill moderate, with the culmen and lateral margins much curved and the 
sides compressed to the tip, which is obtuse; the hase of both mandibles covered by 
