Low Evergreen Ground Covers, continued 
VACCINIUM (oxycoccus) macrocarpon. American Cranberry. 8 in. By 
accident I discovered that this little bog evergreen thrives in ordinary- 
garden soil, forming a complete carpet a few inches high. As a border 
plant or along edges of streams or ponds, or as a bog feature it is 
unequaled. The foliage turns rich shades of bronze and red in autumn 
and with the scarlet fruit presents charming effects the year round. 
Over 20,000 plants used on a single estate as above at my suggestion 
with beautiful results. 
VINCA minor. Periwinkle. + to 6 in. Not native. Blue. An evergreen 
ground-covering plant, and particularly under trees and on banks. 
The blue flowers are showy and appear in May. Of greatest value 
and beauty. 
V. minor alba. White Periwinkle. + to 6 in. Not native. White variety 
of above. 
Berry-Bearing, or Bright - Twigged 
Deciduous Shrubs 
FOR CONTRAST AND WINTER EFFECTS 
ILEX, Species. The deciduous Ilexes or Hollies are indispensable for 
the brilliant effect their scarlet or yellow berries give in winter with 
the dark leaves as a background ; decidua and verticillata are the two 
best for this purpose. 
SHRUB DOGWOODS, or CORNELS. No less attractive are the bright 
red and yellow twigs of the shrub Dogwoods contrasted with green of 
the Rhododendrons, Kalmias and Andromedas. The most suitable 
sorts are amomum, dark red; sanguinea, scarlet; stolonifera, bright 
red ; stolonifera aurea, yellow, and baileyi, crimson. 
XANTHORRHIZA apiifolia. Yellow-root. Undoubtedly the finest 
American deciduous under shrub for planting under trees, along 
roadways, walks and borders, and again where conditions of extreme 
moisture prevail. Finely cut foliage remains a good green till autumn, 
when it turns shades of orange and 
yellow. Now used by thousands 
in parks and private grounds. Pe- 
culiar brown-purple flowers in 
pendulous racemes, appearing 
early with the leaves. For "filling- 
in" Rhododendron beds or any 
shrub plantings and where a per- 
manent and beautiful edging or 
fringe is desired, there is no plant 
to take its place. The photograph 
shows a planting of this beautiful 
shrub in Salem, Mass., as a bor- 
Xanlhorrhiza apiifolia Jgj fof KalmiaS. 
As an edging tor kalnuas in a balem garden 
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