APPENDIX I 
of an upright rod, to the top of which were pivoted fom* arms free to 
revolve in a plane at right angles to it. At the end of these arms 
hemispherical cups were screwed. These were caught by the wind, 
and tlae arms revolved at a speed varying with the force of the 
wind. The speed of the wind could be read off on a dial below 
the arms. 
In addition there was an instrument called a Dines anemometer, 
which supphed interesting tracings of the force, duration, and direc- 
tion of the wind. There was an added advantage in the fact that the 
drum on which these results were recorded was comfortably housed 
down below, so that one could sit in a comparatively warm room 
and follow all the varying phases of the bhzzard which was raging 
without. The barometer used was of the Kew standard pattern. 
When the ship was crushed, all the monthly records were saved, 
but the detailed tracings, which had been packed up in the hold, 
were lost. Though interesting they were not really essential. Con- 
tinuous observations were made during the long drift on the floe, 
and while on Elephant Island the temperature was taken at mid- 
day each day as long as the thermometers lasted. The mortality 
amongst these instruments, especially those which were tied to a 
string and swung round, was very high. 
A few extracts from the observations taken during 1915 — the 
series for that year being practically complete — may be of interest. 
January was dull and overcast, only 7 per cent, of the observations 
recording a clear blue sky, 71 per cent, being completely overcast. 
The percentage of clear sky increased steadily up till June and 
July, these months showing respectively 42 per cent, and 45*7 per 
cent. In August 40 per cent, of the observations were clear sky, 
while September showed a sudden drop to 27 per cent. October 
weather was much the same, and November was practically over- 
cast the whole time, clear sky showing at only 8 per cent, of the 
observations. In December the sky was completely overcast for 
nearly 90 per cent, of the time. 
Temperatures on the whole were fairly high, though a sudden 
unexpected drop in February, after a series of heavy north-easterly 
gales, caused the ship to be frozen in, and effectually put aii end to 
any hopes of landing that year. The lowest temperature experienced 
was in July, when — 35°Fahr., i.e. 67° below freezing, was reached. 
Fortunately, as the sea was one mass of consolidated pack, the air 
was dry, and many days of tine bright sunshine occurred. Later on, 
as the pack di-ifted northwards and broke up, wide lanes of water 
were formed, causins; foors and mist and dull overcast weather 
generally. In short, it may be said that in the WeddeU Sea the best 
weather comes in winter. Unfortunately during that season the 
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