Supplement to the " Tropical Agriculturist: 
[Aug. 1, 1900. 
Ceylon Botniiy by Mr. G.B. Bovilger f.l.s., of tlie 
City of London College, Additions and Correc- 
tions, Indices of Botanical, English and Nntivel 
name?. 
We have just recei-ved a useful little pamphlet, 
issued as a Ciicnliir from llie lloyjil Botanic 
Gardens, Peiadeniyn, dealing viiih tlie trees suit 
able for shade, -wiiid-belts, limber and fue 
rfeserves, &c. 
CLINICAL NOTES. 
I'WO SUCCES3F0L OasES OF HiGH NEDBOTOMY 
(Bbacheal). 
~I~performed this operation on the first occasion 
in'December, 1899, on a gharry horse with pegged 
epUnts. In this case the animal was operated 
on under chloroform and the healing was rapid, 
and the animal was able to be used after three 
weeks. In the second instance the operation was 
performed on a horse for ring bones, I prefer this 
to the ordinary medium or low neurotomy. 
The operation was performed without chloro- 
form as the patient was very weak. The heal- 
ing was tardy, yet the animal went alrigtit 
after three weeks. 
Incision of a skction of the lateral tendon 
of the extensor metatarsi. 
Two cases of bad spvaia were brought for 
treatment, and these were operated on without 
chloroform, and the wounds were left opened 
after the dissection of the tendon. One animal 
soon after the operation did not show any lameness, 
and walked pretty will, improving very much 
in course of time. This animal is now work- 
ing. The other had to be lifted up after the 
operation, but it improved after the healing 
was completed. 
Amputation of the Penis in a Bullock. 
A bullock was brought with the history that 
the animal had suffered from a bull- burnt condition 
of the organ, that a native doctor hi.d advised 
the client to keep the animal in a pond covering 
the inflamed organ, that the animal was bitten 
by a crab, aud that putrefaction of the organ 
continued as an effect of the bite. When the animal 
was thrown down for operation I had to slit 
open the whole sheath, and found at last that 
the penis had to be amputated. Another 
opening was made about two inches from the 
scrotoiun as the organ was too short for the 
natural prepuce. The healing was on the whole 
satisfactory, and I have seen the animal after 
six months in good working order, and the 
artificial prepuce doing the duty of a natural one. 
D. A. Chinniah, 
Veterinary Surgeon. 
belcDgs to the iiiilural order legnmniosEe, and 
as may be exfected it is highly nit rrgen^ u.-^. 
Another imporiiint property of groundnut!< if that 
they are tqually rich in hyilrncarbonatious m itier. 
The seeds are not in use as a liorse food, but 
1 am lefciiingto them in connefti;!! with my 
previous remarks wli&u writing ab ut ]iaildy, viz., 
that if some oleaginal ing e ient "ere mixed 
■with paddy and grom,the mixiure should form 
a standard horse food. Further, it has been 
found that groundnuts like codliver oil are a 
specific in somn forms of eh onie lulm ry disease. 
Astlimn, or brokea wind of the ho.at', is caused 
path'ih);jist3 find, by chronic indi;^estion. This 
■ incurable comphdnt is very common in horses 
and vulgarly spoken of as "panting" iu Ceylon. 
PRACTICAL HINTS TO HORSE-OWNERS 
By A. Chinniah, g.b.v.o. 
Chapter 11. {contd.)—¥ooj) and Feeding. 
Urouuduuts or Earthnnts {Arachis Hypoffnea^ 
Groundnuts are grown in SDiithern I idia to a 
very great extent, and exported to Marseilles for 
the extraction of oil, by a process kept secrot 
by the Frenc'i manufacturers. The plant growa 
fairly well in Ceyion. Groundnut cake is 
used for feeding dairy cattle in Europe. 
Grasses — Grass either dry or green, as I hnva 
already remarked, is tlie food of the herbevera 
in a state of naturl. In Ceylorx only rice stalks 
are u~ed in a dry state for feeding cattle. For 
horses it is only of value as bedding in the 
stable. 
Say is never made here, but it is imported 
from Australia. It is far more ruitritiouH.than 
straw, for the reason that before- the stalks, are 
fully matured, this is cut and tutted into hay, 
and in this process only loose moisture, whtireas 
in the C!\se of straw, the seeds of which 
are u?ed as horse food, there is veiy little 
nutriment left. In Ceylon we do not find the 
wild grass which grows in the rainj- season in 
India, and which is generally turned into hay ; 
hence the process of hay-making as carried on 
in India need not be described, but would repeat 
that good hay ranks as a standard fodder food for 
horses. In Ceylon hay is so expensive that it 
can only be used along with other concentrated 
foods with the object of ensuring proper masti- 
cation. On the other hand there are some good 
natural grasses to take the place of hay. 
The Hariali or Dhub grass )known in Tami 
as 'Arugam pillu,') is botftnically named Cynodonl 
dactylon. This is a sacred grass of the Hindus 
and it is largely used for feeding milch cows. 
Its roots and stems are succulent and the 
woody fibre is easily digested. The grass is so 
delicate aud succulent that horses and cattle 
relish it highly. It may be said to grow on 
all soils, and unlike many other grasses it has 
numerous creeping stems. Another advantage 
of this grass is that the rootlets are fine and 
short, springing generally at each node, and 
hence it can be easily pulled out of the ground 
and easily got from sand and earth sticking to 
the roots. I may in this | connection remark 
that it is important that ordinary wild grass as 
supplied to horses should be free from earthy 
matter, which when it enters the stomach <j%use 
uteriial irritation and result la colic, 
