Sept. 1, 1900.] THE TEOPICAL AGEICULTUEIST. 
cannot be done, the desired result may be achieved 
by applying lime at the rate of 1 ton per acre. This 
dressing is essential for nearly all the land about 
Lindfleld. The lime loosens and sweetens the 
soil, and the trees will thrive from tlie start. 
(3) If horse or sheep manure is obtainable, it 
would be well to give each tree about four shovel- 
fuls of sheep, or double that quantity of horse, 
manure. This should be worked into the ground 
about a foot away from the young tree after it 
has been planted, but sliould not on any account 
be allowed to come into direct contact witli the 
roots, otherwise it might'kill the tree. The best 
plan, unless there are facilities for tJioroughly 
watering the tree from time to time, would be 
to put any manure on tlie surface. The rain 
will wash the good of manure into the ground 
for the benefit of tlie tree, and the remainder 
will serve as a mulch. It will probably be neces- 
sary to have tlie area devoted to fruit-trees 
drained. If the sub-soil is sticky, and does not 
readily crumble when exposed to the air for a few 
days, draining will be essential. — Agricultural 
Gazette of New South Wales. 
INDIA-KUi3BEli IN BOLIVIA. 
(By Manitel Vicente Ballivian.) 
The producing regions may be classified naturally 
according to the points from which the rubber is 
exported. 
First Region. — Because of its importance, the 
region of acre occupies the first place, and in 
order to obtain the figures of total production 
shown in the general table for the republic 
(No. 1), we have been obliged to recur to private, 
but trustworthy, sources of information, such as ' 
Mr. Charles Satchell, ex-commissioner of national 
boundaries in the fixation of the boundary 
between our frontier and Brazil, in company 
with the chief of the Bolivian commission. Gen. 
Jose Manuel Pando. The quantity of 2,000 metric 
tons [4,409,200 pounds] annually is in complete 
accord with previous data communicated to us 
by the second of the gentlemen just named. A 
few days ago we read with much pleasure the 
report presented to the secretary general of the 
government, by our ex-minister in Brazil and 
ex-national delegate in Acre and Purus, Mr. 
Jose Paravicini, a document in which much in- 
formation is given with reference to this im- 
portant region. It Is shown here that the popu- 
lation of this zone is practically 10,000 ; the 
number of ba7-racas'"' 100 ; and that the rate of 
taxation fixed on the export of India-rubber is 
20 per cent, ad valorem, on an average price of 
10,000 reis, or 5 bolivianos, on each kilogram. 
This being true, the revenue would amount to 
2,000,000 bolivianos.t Owing to the rebellion in 
Acre, we are obliged to give, in the above-men- 
tioned table, the tax prescribed by law, namely, 
16 centavos and 12 centavos respectively, for fine 
gum and sernamby [coarse]. 
Acre is the official port for the exports of this 
region, which include a part of the rubber 
pfathered on the upper Tahuamanu, and it is 
situated 4^ miles from the boundary line marked 
by the Bolivian-Brazilian commission. This line, 
however, has been disputed by engineer Ounha 
Gomez, but even if the present boundary should 
■not prove exact, the one proposed by hina is 
drawn at only 1,600 meters distant, so that this 
port remains in territory unquestionably Bolivian. 
Second Region. — This is comprised in the zone 
.watered by the rivers Madidi, Alto Beni, Bajo 
Beni, Orton, Manuripi, Tahuaman, and other 
lesser streams— all being rich in seringalcs. This 
^' Barraca is a kind of shanty erected for the 
shelter of the laborers. —Translator. 
t The Boliviano, divided into 100 centavos, on 
April 1st, 1900, was worth 43"6 cents, United 
^Utes 9urreacy, -Ihs Bdixoe. 
reg.ou includes the territory known as the national 
delegations of Madre de Dios, Acre, and Purus 
excepting that part which finds a natural and 
more convenient outlet in the Acre river Tht 
export port of the second zone is Villa Bella 
at which is^ situated a national custom house 
This town IS situated on the high land at the 
confluence of the Bern and Mamore rivers TIip 
production indicated in the general table has 
been furnished to us from the official documents 
of the custom house mentioned. 
Third Region.—This zone comprises the forests 
which produce rubber in the department of La 
Paz, or, the cantons of Ghallana, Songo, Maniri 
Huanay, Goroic^o and a part of the province of 
Campohcan. The outlets for this region are 
MXndfr^P^^u.''^'^ 
_ Fourth Begion.-The fourth region is situated 
and east of the department o" 
Santa Cruz de la Sierra, formed by the province 
of Velasco, bordering on tiie Brazilian state of 
Mateo Grosso. It is in this region that the 
rubber is gathered along the Paraiua and Verde 
riyers,_ at the most remote points, and where 
i^v°fi ^'^f' tliis is the reason 
for the difference in duties imposed, they being 
ler^£nbi/!i ^^^^P^^^^^^ly fine gum and 
The province of Cochabamba possesses the rub- 
ber tree m the Yuracares region ; and, judging 
from tne important discoveries recently madS 
tliere folio vved by petitions for concessions of 
esiradas, it is probabls that this region will 
become no less in importance as a rubber region 
than La Paz, for the conditions of soil and 
chmaoeare identica . With public peace assured, 
and legislation which consults the best condi- 
tions for toscering this industry, we do not 
doubt that Bolivia will become one of the prin- 
cipal regions for the production of this important 
article of commerce. 
La Paz, November, 1899. 
The rubber movement from Bolivia will be 
facilitated by another steamer which has been 
placed on Lake Titieaca, which serves as S 
channel of transportation between Bolivia and 
Peru. The new steamer "Coya," of 550 tons 
was built at Dumbarton, Scotland, and tS 
ported to Mollendo, on the Pacific coast, whence 
" M^'n^^'^' - ^¥ S^'-'^'^^ °f ™bber known as 
Mollendo. It was carried from the coast in 
twenty-tv/o cars up the railway, along; the steen 
slopes of the Andes, the lake side. Then it S 
P,'^<i,^°Sether, and the boilers and engines in^ 
sta led. The distance traversed by the steamei« 
houis. ^ journey occupying about ten 
EXPORTS OF RUBBER FROM BOLIVIA IN 1898 
Ser- 
Customs. Fine, namby. Caucho. Total. 
Acre ...kilos 2,000,000 .. 2 0mnnn 
Villa Bella .. 757,444 105,818 1 989 'mm 
Puerto Perez... 256,542 ... i^fi^ip 
Puerto Suarez 27,556 1,611 29,16| 
Total ... 3,041,542 107,424 1,989 3,150,955 
Total value 13,v23,:,96-n0 326,944-12 6,053,f)0 n.S.^efsSST:- 
Llhe values are given in Bolivian silver currency,! 
{.Continued on next page.) 
■ The Bureau of American Republics, undel? 
recent date reported that the Bolivian export 
duties on India-rubber had been modified Ty a 
presidential decree. Henceforth an ad valorem 
duty of 8 per cent, will be charged on all rubber 
exported^, except that from the Acre district on 
which la per cent, will be charged. The former 
taxes of 10 and 16 centavos per kilogram, accord- 
mg to quality represented in ISm nn ad valorem 
duty of 7 per cent, on fine rubber and 6-57 ner 
eat, w mmmbii, ^ egarse.-i'gji Edhor^ ^ 
