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domestic infusion of spices, " Coangtru." He says 
tiie vedaralas Uised always simple "domestic 
remedies and were good bone settlers. 
Small-pox prevailed as an epidemic, Families 
perished in great numbers. It was called " Deviyan- 
karia," or affair with God. The Sinhalese desertep 
the affected villages. Dead were left unburied, 
cheetahs carried away living as well as the dead 
Dutch Period 1656-1795. 
The Leper Asylum, the only monument has inscrip- 
tion on stone, A,l). 170s, and monogram of a Dutch 
Governor. Governor Van Imhofi 1740 recommended in- 
stitution to his successor. Accommodation for 400 now. 
No record of medical practice among the Army 
Surgeons. Dutch authors were Stahl, Boerhave and 
Holiman. Dutch physicians were no doubt pupils of 
the above, and noted for koowledge of Botany. Flora 
of Ceylon described by Liuuseus, but the Herbarium 
was collected by Herman and Hartog in 1G71. First 
European writer on tropical disease was Bontius 
and Daalmans 1687. In 1739 Doctor Danielsz and 
apprentice were sent to Kandy to cure King Sri Vijaya 
Raj Sinlia of an ulcer on his leg. In 1659 KnoK and 
his son were captives of the King of Knndy for 29 
years ; father died, son escaped 1775. First surgical 
operation by Kandyan medical man, viz., amputation 
of leg by red hot knife was in 1775 
British Period prom 1796. 
Henry Marshall, Surgeon to the forces served 1808 
to 18'21. His "Medical Topography of Ceylon" and 
" Health of the Troops in the Kandyan Provinces from 
1815 to 1820'' are in the Coloni:il Medical Library. 
Troops: Europeans, Kaffirs. Malays, and Sepoys 
suffered terribly from malaria, with complication of 
abscess of liver and dysentery. 
Africans or Kaffirs, of Mozambique and Indian 
Sepoys were in 2rid Oeylon Regiment also Lascars 
and Pioneers. Kaffirs suffered from consumption 
beside^ fovrr and pocky itch. 
In 1812, 1813 aud 1814 Famine prevailed; Troops 
also suffered from want of rice at Minnery ; 53 men of 
19th Regiment got fever, 33 died, of 33 Artillery men 
11 died ; the convalescents were unfit for duty, 
In 1820 there were 32 Military stations, Cordiner 
relates that 13 miles from Kurunegala, of 70 men of 
65th Regiment, one officer and only two men remained 
after fever. 
Small-pox frequently prevailed as an epedemic 
among natives. Lymph was first introduced from 
Bombay on threads, and Vaccination was commenced 
by Army Surgeons in 1802. Mr. Percival, an officer 
of the 19th Regiment, suggested compulsory Vacci- 
nation in 1803, but it was not made legal until 18C3, 
when Sir '. J. MaOarthy was Governor. Dr. Kinnis. 
Army Surgeon, wrote letters on Small-pox to natives. 
It is in book form, and was circulated in the Medical 
Department. 
In 1812 the first Botanic Garden was opened in 
Colombo, and afterwards transferred to Kalutara, 
being finally established in Paradeniya in 1821. 
Moon, first Superintendent, puL'.ished a valuable 
catalogue now in Library. 
In 1817, a great act of humanity was performed 
in the release of the slaves in the domestic service 
of Dutch families. It was in consequence of a 
Petition to the Jiritish Government signed by a 
large number of residents. The writer may be excused 
for saying that he feels prond to know that the first 
signatory was his grandfather who died as Registrar 
of the Supreme Court, and was accorded a State 
funeral in 1845. 
The following notes are in chronological order 
and as brief as possible ; — 
1835. — First Medical class established iu Military 
Hospital by Dr. Kevett, Army Surgeon. First pupils 
were F, W. Faidiniindp, P' H. VanCuylenberg, M. B. 
MisHO, Tr.isk, Cleveland, Ebort and B, F. Keliiart. 
Latter graduated in Europe, became Army Surgeon, 
serving for years in Ceylon, was first Ceylonese to 
obtain a British qualification, and was author of the 
" Prodromus Faunae Zeylanica." 
1839. — First suggestion of the Lunatic Asylum by 
Governor Sir Steuart Mackenzie. The old Small Pox 
Hospital, Borelia, was converted into a Lunatic Asylum, 
and used till 1879, when the palatial one at Jawatta 
was built. Opened in 1847. Dr. Davy was appointed 
and resigned in 1849, Since then the following officers 
of C.Bl.D. had charge : — Ebert. Wambeck, Krickenbeek, 
VanDort, Vanderstraaten (the writer!. Dr. Plaxton 
came from England in 1878 and resigned in 1886. 
Dr. Keith acted till Dr. Spence arrived in 1887. Dr. 
Oorloff acted when the latter was on long leave. 
1843. — The following graduates of the Bengal Medical 
College who were sent to Calcutta by Government 
returned and entered the Medical Department, viz., 
Drs. Anthonisz, Loos, Dickman, Kri9kenbeek, On, 
daatjie, Andree, Wambeek. Drs. Markus, Margenout, 
and Bruchman came afterwards. 
1843. — Coloniiil Medical Library started. 
1847. — Dr. J. B. Misso appointed Portuguese Consul. 
1848. — Ice imported ; and Ice machines first in- 
troduced 1863. 
1845 to 1878.— Fearful epidemics of cholera in the 
Northern Province. In 44 years, 1841 to 1885, cholera 
caused 73,400 deaths. 
1857. — Select Committee of Legislative Council 
separating Civil and Military Medical Departments. 
1858. — Dr. Elliott first P.O.M.O. died in 1859, Dr. 
Charsley succeeded. Elliott thought of Medical School 
then. 
1864. — Outbreak of fever in Colombo due to low 
margins of Colombo Lake during drought. 
1865. — Mahara Railway accident : 36 natives and 
one European killed by collision of baliast train with 
trolley. 
1866. — Municipalities established in Colombo, Kandy 
and Galle. 
1867. — Depopulation of Vanni. Enquiry by Sir R. 
Robinson entrusted to Dr. Loos. 
1867. — Cholera Commission sent to Jaffna, and again 
in 1877. 
1869. — Demolishing of Fort walls and filling up years 
afteF of fort ditch. New Hospitals built in many 
Stations. Palat-al barr.icks for troops and new 
hospital built on 'l ille Face. 
1870. — Medical School opened ; raised to College 18S9. 
1872. — V/elikada Commission into sanitary condition 
of that prison. 
1873. — The Estate Coolies' Medical Wants Bill was 
introduced— since amended. 
1877 Seaside line to Bloratuwa opened ; due to 
constant agitation, and to whom is also due the 
extension to Matara by Dr. Anthonisz. 
1877. — Dr. Koch, Principal of Medical School, and 
Dr. J. C. Evart^ died of a dissecting wound. 
1880. — Clock Tower erected to memory of the late 
Dr. Koch. 
1880. — Two wards built in Colombo Hospital and 
Clock Tower erected in Galle in honor of Dr. P. D. 
Anthonisz, who got his C.M.G., and was for 5 years 
M.L.C. afterwards. 
1880. - Polytechnic Exhibition by Dr. Vander- 
straaten at the Medical College, Dr. Loos, acting 
P.C.M.O. Bearer Co. C.V. organized by Dr. Van- 
derstraaten who retired as Surgeon-Major, 1899. 
1884, — Paulusz Hall built at Medical College in 
niemory of R. C. Paulusz, L.C.M.C. 
1884. — Silver Casket presented to Sir W. Gregory 
by Medical Department. 
"18S7. — Parangi Hospital, Sir A. Gordon's, at Metu- 
gama W. P., and Balangoda Sab. P. 
Ceylon Branch B.M.A., Dr. Anthonisz, President, 
1892. — Lady students and doctor appointed. 
1895. — Malarial fever Galle and Mutara Railway line. 
1895. — Foundation of Havelock Hospital by Sir A. 
Havelock and in 
1896. — Opened by L?.dy Havelock. 
Ib97.— Sir W. Kynsey, Kt., retired. Banquet by 
Department. 
1898,— Dr. Perry assumed duties as P.C.M.O. 
