290 
^U2Jplement to the "Tro]}ical Agriculturist" 
[Oct. 1, 1902. 
i.;;, . POULTRY MOTES, 
a? .il-:f,t'.0.' 10 !■ ■ ■ 
' We hftve received a copy (September) of the 
Indt'm Fowl Fancier and Farmers' Journal edited 
bj' H. E. Abbott. It is a uceful publication wliicli 
iapplies a decided want, and is neatly got up. 
The September number of the above is largely 
taken up with Ceylon news and notes, dealing 
chiefly with the Shows that took place last Augu>t. 
The idea of the Ceylon Poultry Club adopting 
Ihe Indian Fowl Fancier (with pages devoted to 
Ceylon) as its official organ is an excellent idea. 
It is no easy matter to run a monthly magazine 
with anything like success. 
'■.-The Adelaide Observer has the following amus- 
ing note about the poultry tick and bug : — 
A? there is some diversity of opinion with 
reference to the poultry tick and bug, some 
holding that they are different, while others agree 
that they are the same thing, it was thought an 
Opportune time to discuss the matter from a scien- 
liftc point of view at a meeting of practical poultry 
men recently held in Adelaide, and a well-knowu 
scientific man was asked to give his opinion upon 
the matter. He stated by explaining that the big 
mother tick was. the bug, but he got no further as 
he !vas unable-rOiwing to the sounds of laughter — 
to proceed eveii to tell vyhat was his opinion of the 
father tick. " 
Fowls like newly-cut grass ; give them all they 
want of it. The clippings from a lawn-mower 
are just the thing for them. Dry chillies broken 
up may be fed to poultry in moderate quantities 
■With good results, but do not ranke their food too 
strong with it. Thorough fumigation of poultry 
houses can be carried out by wetting sulphur with 
Jterosene and setting fire. The poultry should of 
(Course be out of the way and the house well secnred 
fa\A so left for about two h.o\.iT3.~-Sundai/ Times 
<Perlh). 
For egg production crushed bone', plenty of 
lime and clean gravel must be always at ha.id. 
'Cooked coarse meat chopped up miglit be given 
twice a week, and an occasional allowance of 
jjreen food especially if birds are kept in con- 
finement. A box or barrel of oyster shells, broken 
\>p smiill enough for the hens to swnllow should 
■fee on hand. A pound weight sprinkled every day 
ttjll be found none . too little for 20 or 25 
' ' Here is a recipe for chicken cholera : — -2 oz. 
pulverised capsicum; 2 oz. pulverised asafetida; 
1 oz. pulverised rhubarb; 6 oz. Spanish brosvn ; 
2 oz. flowers of sulphur. Mix thoroughly and 
keep in a.i aii-tight can. For use take a teaspoon- 
ful and mix with the mashed food, and feed twice 
4 day fill, all symptoms of the disease disappear. 
A rpmedy for scurvy legs is to apt,l^ at the 
earliest possible stage, a mixture of sulphur and 
Jard, allow it to remain 24 hours and wash 
,' thoroughly with strong euds made with carbolic 
|oap, 
It is interesting to read an account of the laying 
competiliou organised by the Daily Telegraph aniX 
conducted at Haukesbury Agricultural College, 
under the supervision of Mr. D. S. Thompson, the 
Poultry Expert. We can only summarize the 
results by saying that the Silver Wyandottes led 
nil through, except for a day or two when they 
were passed by the white Wyandottes at the 
beginning and by the Buff Orpingtons towards the 
end. 
Mr. T. J, McCue, the Poultry Editor of Station, 
Far7n aiid Dairy, in answer to a correspondent 
who enquires what is the best breed for a small 
run for eggs and table purposes, replies : I would 
recommend Wyandottes or Orpingtons, Bjth are 
good layers of a fairly-sizetl egg, and the chicks 
grow fast if cared for properly. 
TANJN^ING MATERIALS. 
( Continued.) 
In our last issue we considered the tan-produc- 
ing trees belonging to the order Combretacete. 
Another order which is characterised by tan- 
producing trees is Rhiz>phorace3 or the M m-^rove 
family. Of these we have a numbsr occarrinf' in 
Ceylon, and these we shall proceed to consider : — 
Rhizophora mucronata (Sin. Kadol.)— Tbis tree 
occurs in most of the salt-water estuaries and 
backwaters round the whole CDast. A-ialyses of 
the bark give rather a variable composition, 
showing how important it is to secure standard 
qualities. Thus, Prof. Ounstan found as little as 
4-13 per cent of tannin in the dry b irk, and Mr. 
Hooper as much as 29'5'J under simiLir circum- 
stances. Dr. Busse found in the dried inner bark 
of East Africa 47'99 per cent of excract, consist- 
ing of tannin and brown colouring m itter. Ex- 
tracts of bark gave on examination from 33'd to 
75'9i per cent tannin it> the dry substance. The 
extract from the bark of this tree is considered 
better than of other mangroves for the purposes of 
the cotton dyer, but Prof. Hummei considers it 
far from being equal to the best cutch sold for 
that purpose. Bark is exported to s^me extent 
from Ceylon to India.- 
lihizophera mangle ( Candelaia). — This tree, 
also known as Kadol in Ceylon, occurs 
though less commonly with E. mucronata. A 
sample of Trinidad bark examined by Messr.s 
Hunt and Mackay of Lee ds gave tannin (by hide 
powder) 25-10 ; while the extract or concentrated 
juice was found to contain 58*<50 tannin (by hide 
powder). The bark of this is also exported from 
Ceylon to India. , , , 
Bruguiera ggmnor/u'za. —This is one of the 
species common in the mangrove forests all round 
the coast. In French Cochin China an extract is 
made from the bark, and this is sent into the 
market as a substitute for catechu under the name 
of Cag Dag. Dr. Busse obtained ^4-71 to 53^2 
per cent of tanning extract from samples of this 
bark from East Africa. AiuUyses of bark by Prof. 
Duustan gavel2'77 of tannin in dry bark ; by Mr! 
Hooper 15'90 tannin and (in dry bark) 15-5U ; by 
