Dec. 1, 1902.1 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
415 
understands the vast difference between 
coffee and tea: in respect of pruning 
and of getting rid, by burning, of any 
pest affecting the leaves of tea in away that 
could never be done with poor old coffee. — 
Ed. T.A.] 
GEEEN TEA : REPLT TO "VERDANT 
GREEN'S" QUERY. 
Galpothagama, Horana, Oct. 23. 
Dear Sib, — In answer to "Verdant Greens' " 
query re percentage of outturn made tea from 
the green leaf in making green tea— the aver- 
age outturn for a whole season would be about 
22 per cent : daily outturns varying according 
to weather from 21 to 23 per cent —Yours 
truly, "GREEN TEA." 
[VVe are taken aback by this result ob- 
tained on a large lowcountry plantation, in 
view of the 2i to 23 per cent we were as- 
sured was obtained on other well-known 
places- How is the difference to be ex- 
plained ?— £d. T.A.] 
ELK DEER (GONAMUWA) AND OTHER 
KINDS OF DEER IN CEYLON. 
Veyangoda, Oct. 24. 
Dear Sir. — On enquiry from the Director, 
Colomlio Museum, as reganla the ditferenb kinds 
of deer in Ceylon, I have been favouted with 
tlie following reply, dated 21st October, 1902 : — 
" In reply to your letter of 18. h iust., tlie following 
are the different kinds of deer found in Oeyiou. 
1, sanibur or elk (jooh); 2, chubul or spotteii deer 
(licnniwa) ; 3, niuntjak or red deer (veliniuwa 
or oIuwm) ; 4 mouse deer (meeminna.)" I find 
that there is another very scarce and peculiar 
kind found in Ceylon, calle(l elk deer (gonamuwa), 
in colour somewhat similar to that of elk, a 
quite distinct kind, size and shape same as 
spotted deer, there are two rows of small white 
spots about half inch close, each on the back 
only, inside the ears, round the eye brows and 
top of the tail is white. To anyone interested I can 
show a tame pair of this dear under one-year old. 
Yon may give my name and address. —Yours 
faithfully, OWNER. 
[The writer adds "The pair of elk referred 
to are to be seen at the Kola Estate, of Mr. J. P. 
Williams, within IJ rnile of Veyangoda railway 
station on the cart-road. —Ed. 2', A.} 
RAIN GAUGES AND MEASUREMENTS. 
Columbia, Hewaheta, Ceylon, Oct. 25. 
Sir,— My rain gauge have been a ijuzzle 
to me the last week. Perhaps you would 
help me to solve it. 8 find my gauge is 3 
inches in diameter area= 19 635 inches (sq). 
Measuring glass is 1 6/ inches in diameter 
area = 2 4052885 inches (sq) How is the com- 
putation worked out that 4i inches deep of 
water in measuringglass = "SU of rain?— Yours, 
W. E. T. 
[Our correspondent will be glad to have 
the following from a competent scientific 
authority : — 
Suppose '50 inch to have fallen in the rainj 
gauge : the area of the gauge being 19'635 
iBC[uare iqches, the total volume collected will 
be "50 X 18- 5 = 9*868 cubic-inches. Nowsince 
this amount is received in a measuring glass, 
the;irea of which is 2 4u5 scjuare inches, it will 
fill it to a height equal to 9 868 =-= 4-08 inches. 
2-405 
The difference between this resnlt and 4 o0 
(the height measured by your correspondent) 
is due to the rounding of the bottom of the 
measuring glass and the irregular thickness 
of its sides. Its capacity is thus less than 
it would be if the interior were of the perfect 
cylindrical shape assumed in the above calcu- 
lation. Measuring glasses are generally 
graduated by actual experiment— H. O. B.] 
THE EUCALYPTS AND THEIR OILS. 
The Technological Museum, Sydney, Oct 25. 
The Editor, " Tropical Agriculturist." 
Sir.— I have much pleasure in forwarding 
by this post a copy of the work on * Euca- 
lypts and their essential oils " just completed 
at this Mu<eum. It is the result of years of 
research on living material in the home of 
these interesting and valuable trees. — Your 
obedient servant, 
RICH. F. BAKER, Curator, 
[A notice of this very useful and important 
publication when it is received, will appear 
in due course. — Ed. T.A.] 
DEER IN CEYLON. 
Hambantota, Oct. 26. 
Dear Sir, — In connection with the letter 
re ' Elk Deer ' in Friday's Observer, the deer 
referred to is the 'hog deer' or 'swamp 
deer ' of India, the ' paddy field ' deer of 
Ceylon, Axis Porcinus of Naturalists. It is 
found from Pnlgahawela through the Miri- 
gama, Veyangoda. and Kalutaradistricts down 
to the Southern Province where it reaches as 
far East as the M >tara district. 
It is one of the four real deer found in 
Ceylon, of which the other three are the 
• Elk ' (the ' Sambur ' of parts of India), the 
spotted deer (the 'Chitul ' of parts of India) 
(Axis Maculatus) and the Muntjak. barking 
deer, rib faced deer or jungle sheep of Indian 
and Red deer of Ceylon sportsmen, ' Khakur ' 
and ' Bukri,' of the N.-\V, Provinces and 
Deccan, respectively, (Cervus Aureus,) 
The spots mentioned by your corre- 
spondent are always visible in the young 
of the Axis Porcinus ; but disappear 
as the animal grows older when it 
assumes the slatey dun colour of the 
' elk,' whence the comV)ined name ' Elk-deer ' 
in Sinhalese as the Sinhalese never, by any 
chance, speak of the Elk as a deer. It is, be- 
cause, of the spots in the other species when 
young and which are entirely absent in 
young elk tha' tliis last gets one of its scienti- 
fic names of Rusa Unicolour. 
The mouse-deer is not a deer. 
W.F. 
"SATURATION OF THE AIR." 
Dear Sir,— Will you kindly pive the follow 
ing lufornmtioi) thvough the niediam pf i'our 
paper J 
