m 
m TROPICAL AGRICTJLTtTRIST. [Dfto. 1, 1902. 
empty packages should be cut to scale so that 
they weigh alike, and bulking ought to be done 
in itll cases on the gardens. We may mention tiiat 
one of the results of the existing dispute is to 
advertise the extent of the tea charges, with the 
effect of leading to competition. For instance, an 
application is being made to the Customs for a 
fie^h bond liy a large waterside warehouse." 
AGGRKGATE LONDON DOCK OR WHARF CHARGES 
ON TEA. 
Landing charges on tea imJ)orted into London for 
twelve months.— Say 2,200,000 (two million two 
hundred thousand chests). Average gross weight 
90/129 lb. 
Landing and Housing Kate, which includes 
landing, wharfage, housing, separating into chops, 
weighing, average taring, furnishing landing 
weights, examining and turning out and in for 
dnniage, men<li"sr. laying down for private inspec- 
tion, lotting, nailing down, placing in delivery pile, 
arid delive'y by land at Is 6d f s d 
165,000 0 0 
Bulking arid taring at Is 2i 128,333 0 0 
Kent,— 10 weeks at Is 2d per 
week ... ... 43,833 0 0 
£339,165 0 0 
Off these gross charges the following discount is 
allowed to imp3rters : — 
Kent at 20 per cent .. £9,166 
Gest of weight notes on above quantity £3,700 
Warrant stamps at 3d ... 4,500 
Total weight notes arid warrants £8,2 ;0 
PLANTING NOTES. 
COCONDT-PLANTING IN NORTH BOBNKO.— 
**,H. W." supplies The Field with an interest- 
ing paper on this subject (see page ^04). 
Crops 3,000 of nuts from 50 trees per acre, 
ai'e very good indeed ; but the soil must be 
rich and the growth rapid and luxuriant to 
justify planting so widely— usually 70 trees per 
acre are allowed in Ceylon. "H. W."'s figures 
are otherwise fairly reliable, we should say ; 
but he is] wrong in saying that we showed 
the tjri«e of coconuts to have continuously 
increased in the last century. We can recall 
Ceylon coconut oil a good deal higher than it 
is now ; but still the present price in Colombo 
— R3o0 "to K355, per ; ton is a very satis- 
factory one. 
Capacity op Cisterns.— When caiculatmg the 
aapacity of cisterns (or tanks) 3lj gallons are 
estimated to one barrel and 63 gallons to one 
hogshead. 
A Circular Cistern One Foot in Depth. 
Five feet diameter holds ... 122J gallons 
Six do ■ ... i76i do 
Seven do ... 240| do 
Eight do ... .314 do 
Nine do ... .S97J do 
Ten do ... 490| do 
A gallon of water Ilweiglis ten pounds, and 
measures 277*274 cubic inches ; a cubic foot^ of 
water contains 6'23 g.allons-, and weighs 62-,S5 
pounds ; one cwt ot water contains 11 2 gallons 
and measuies 1-8 cubic feet; one ton of water 
contalos 224 gallons, and measures 35-9 cubic feet 
Home paper. 
Ants and Caterpillars.— A. correspondent 
writes :— With reference to the account which 
I read with mingled interest and anuisement 
of the ant and caterpillar fight recorded in your 
column, I have another story in the same cate- 
gory to relate. In my youth, I kept silkworm?, 
and 1 very well rsmembei how I and some of 
m.y schoolfellows once put several trays of the 
nearly full-grown fat white grubs out of doorsi 
for a treat. When we visited them, after an 
hour's absence, many had disappeared from the 
triys. We then saw that the anls were draggi rig 
them off, several of the insects tugging in unison 
at each silkworm. Several of the latter had 
been dragged down three steps of the iron stair- 
case on which they had been placed. I (ini 
afraid it became a favourite amusement with 
us to give our fattest grubs to the ants to carry, 
but r may say t.hat) the former were not hurt in 
any way by the rough means of carriage to which 
they were subjected. — Daily Mail, Oct. 27. 
AN Enterprising Padre.— We believe, says 
the Rangoon Gazette, the saw mill erected by the 
Rev Julius Smith at Thandaung which is now 
cutting up one thousand shingles per day, is tlje 
first instance in the province of utilising wate.r 
power for the working of a saw mill. There are, 
of course, numerous instances along our rivers of 
raising water by Means of Persian wheels. But 
we do not know of any other i»stance of wood 
cutting by water power than Mr Smith's an(i 
his example might profitably be followed by 
Burmans and Karens in cutting wood, or husking 
paddy wherever there are hill steamers to give 
the necessary power. The Pel ton Water Wheel 
Co., of San Francisco and New York, is the 
system under which Mr Smith's jnill is run. That 
it is economical and simple is shown by the fact 
that all the machinery and piping used at Than- 
dung have been erected by Mr Smith with the 
assistance of one experienced plumber at a cost of 
El, 750. Of this amount, of course, a considerable 
portion was consumed by freight between Toungoo 
and Thandaung, including eleven miles up 
the hill. 
Imperial Department of Agriculture for 
The West Indies —Received: General Treatment 
of Fungoid Pests. By Albert Howard, B A., 
a.rc.s,, F.L.S., F.cs., M.vcologist and Agri- 
cultural Lecturer, Imperial Department of Agri- 
culture for the West Indies. Preface. — A^iongst the 
enemies to be overcome by tropical planters the 
parasitic plantsknown as rots, moulds and mildews 
take a prominent pl.ace. It is impossible to ignore 
fungoid diseases as the aggregate loss caused by 
them to the sugar-cane, casao and other industries 
amounts to several thousand pounds sterling 
annually. The object of the present pamphlet is 
to afford a simple and clear account of the life- 
history of fungi so that the injury done by them 
may be readily recognized and suitable remedies 
applied before it is too late. One of the most 
serviceable applications for fungoid diseases is 
what is known as ' Bordeaux Mixture.' Directions 
are given for the preparation of this (p, 37) as 
also for the use of knapsack and other spraying 
ni.achines (pp. 38 39), Special attention is invited 
to the directions given on pp. 41 43 for colleciing 
and forwarding specimens for examination by this 
Depiirlment. D Mqrris, Commissioner of Agri 
culture for the West Ipcliee, Septembei; 
10, 1902. 
